Lymphangioma classification

Lymphatic malformations are benign.

• They are classified as:
  • Macrocystic type, also known as cystic hygroma
  • Microcystic type also known as lymphangioma circumscriptum
  • Mixed type

Microcystic lymphatic malformation (lymphangioma circumscriptum): It is small, translucent, hemmorhhagic cluster of vesicles, through which lymphatic fluid leaks. It i present at birth. The most commonly involved sites are proximal extremities, trunk, axilla, and the oral cavity.

Macrocystic lymphatic malformation (cystic hygroma):

• It is comprised of large endothelium lined, interconnected ducts which are visible on skin as an enlarged, soft swelling.
• It soft, cystic, poorly demarcated mass, most commonly found in the cervicofacial region, axilla, or chest wall.
• Cystic hygroma can be detected through ultrasonography in prenatal period during first trimester.