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==Overview==
==Overview==
The direct cause of lung cancers is DNA mutations that often result in either activation of proto-oncogenes (e.g. '''[[KRAS|K-RAS]]''') or the inactivation of [[Tumor suppressor gene|tumors suppressor genes]] (e.g. '''[[TP53]]''') or both. The risk of these genetic mutations may be increased following exposure to environmental components.
The direct cause of lung cancer is [[DNA mutations]] that often result in either activation of [[Proto-oncogene|proto-oncogenes]] (e.g. '''[[KRAS|K-RAS]]''') or the inactivation of [[Tumor suppressor gene|tumors suppressor genes]] (e.g. '''[[TP53]]''') or both. The risk of these [[genetic mutations]] may be increased following exposure to environmental insults.


==Causes==
==Causes==
*The direct cause of lung cancers is DNA mutations that often result in either activation of proto-oncogenes (e.g. '''[[KRAS|K-RAS]]''') or the inactivation of [[Tumor suppressor gene|tumors suppressor genes]] (e.g. '''[[TP53]]''') or both.<ref>American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2017.
*The direct cause of lung cancer is [[DNA mutations]] that often result in either activation of [[Proto-oncogene|proto-oncogenes]] (e.g. '''[[KRAS|K-RAS]]''') or the inactivation of [[Tumor suppressor gene|tumors suppressor genes]] (e.g. '''[[TP53]]''') or both.<ref>American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2017.
Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2017.<ref/>
Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2017.</ref><ref name="pmid23122493">{{cite journal |vauthors=Karachaliou N, Mayo C, Costa C, Magrí I, Gimenez-Capitan A, Molina-Vila MA, Rosell R |title=KRAS mutations in lung cancer |journal=Clin Lung Cancer |volume=14 |issue=3 |pages=205–14 |year=2013 |pmid=23122493 |doi=10.1016/j.cllc.2012.09.007 |url=}}</ref>
*The risk of these genetic [[Mutation|mutations]] may be increased following exposure to environmental components, which are regarded as risk factors that predispose to the development of lung cancer.
*The risk of these [[genetic mutations]] may be increased following exposure to environmental insults, which are regarded as [[Risk factor|risk factors]] that [[Predisposition|predispose]] to the development of lung cancer.


*To view a comprehensive list of risk factors that increase the risk of lung cancer, click [[Lung cancer risk factors|'''here''']]
*To view a comprehensive list of [[Risk factor|risk factors]] that increase the risk of lung cancer, click [[Lung cancer risk factors|'''here''']].


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 13:47, 3 July 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kim-Son H. Nguyen M.D. Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Dildar Hussain, MBBS [3]

Overview

The direct cause of lung cancer is DNA mutations that often result in either activation of proto-oncogenes (e.g. K-RAS) or the inactivation of tumors suppressor genes (e.g. TP53) or both. The risk of these genetic mutations may be increased following exposure to environmental insults.

Causes

  • To view a comprehensive list of risk factors that increase the risk of lung cancer, click here.

References

  1. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2017. Atlanta: American Cancer Society; 2017.
  2. Karachaliou N, Mayo C, Costa C, Magrí I, Gimenez-Capitan A, Molina-Vila MA, Rosell R (2013). "KRAS mutations in lung cancer". Clin Lung Cancer. 14 (3): 205–14. doi:10.1016/j.cllc.2012.09.007. PMID 23122493.

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