Listeriosis medical therapy: Difference between revisions
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<SMALL><SMALL><SMALL><SMALL><SMALL>Adapted from ''Clin Infect Dis. 1997;24(1):1-9.'',<ref>{{Cite journal | issn = 1058-4838 | volume = 24 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–9; quiz 10-11 | last = Lorber | first = B. | title = Listeriosis | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America | date = 1997-01 | pmid = 8994747 }}</ref> ''Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40(9):1327-32.'',<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1086/429324 | issn = 1537-6591 | volume = 40 | issue = 9 | pages = 1327–1332 | last = Ooi | first = Say Tat | coauthors = Bennett Lorber | title = Gastroenteritis due to Listeria monocytogenes | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America | date = 2005-05-01 | pmid = 15825036 }}</ref> and ''Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39(9):1267-84.''<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1086/425368 | issn = 1537-6591 | volume = 39 | issue = 9 | pages = 1267–1284 | last = Tunkel | first = Allan R. | coauthors = Barry J. Hartman, Sheldon L. Kaplan, Bruce A. Kaufman, Karen L. Roos, W. Michael Scheld, Richard J. Whitley | title = Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America | date = 2004-11-01 | pmid = 15494903 }}</ref></SMALL></SMALL></SMALL></SMALL></SMALL> | <SMALL><SMALL><SMALL><SMALL><SMALL>Adapted from ''Clin Infect Dis. 1997;24(1):1-9.'',<ref>{{Cite journal | issn = 1058-4838 | volume = 24 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–9; quiz 10-11 | last = Lorber | first = B. | title = Listeriosis | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America | date = 1997-01 | pmid = 8994747 }}</ref> ''Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40(9):1327-32.'',<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1086/429324 | issn = 1537-6591 | volume = 40 | issue = 9 | pages = 1327–1332 | last = Ooi | first = Say Tat | coauthors = Bennett Lorber | title = Gastroenteritis due to Listeria monocytogenes | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America | date = 2005-05-01 | pmid = 15825036 }}</ref> and ''Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39(9):1267-84.''<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1086/425368 | issn = 1537-6591 | volume = 39 | issue = 9 | pages = 1267–1284 | last = Tunkel | first = Allan R. | coauthors = Barry J. Hartman, Sheldon L. Kaplan, Bruce A. Kaufman, Karen L. Roos, W. Michael Scheld, Richard J. Whitley | title = Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis | journal = Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America | date = 2004-11-01 | pmid = 15494903 }}</ref></SMALL></SMALL></SMALL></SMALL></SMALL> | ||
===Antimicrobial regimen=== | |||
*1. '''Meningitis''' <ref>{{cite book | last = Bartlett | first = John | title = Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases | publisher = Jones and Bartlett Learning | location = Burlington, MA | year = 2012 | isbn = 978-1449625580 }}</ref> | |||
:* Preferred regimen: [[Ampicillin]] 2g IV q4-6h {{withorwithout}} [[Gentamicin]] 1.7 mg/kg IV q8h for more than 3 weeks | |||
:* Alternative regimen: [[TMP-SMX]] 3-5 mg/kg (trimethoprim) IV q6h for more than 3 weeks | |||
*2. '''Bacteremia''' | |||
:* Preferred regimen: [[Ampicillin]] 2g IV q4-6h {{withorwithout}} [[Gentamicin]] 1.7 mg/kg IV q8h for 2 weeks | |||
:* Alternative regimen: [[TMP-SMX]] 3-5 mg/kg (trimethoprim) q6h IV for 2 weeks | |||
*3. '''Brain abscess or rhomboencephalitis''' | |||
:* Preferred regimen: [[Ampicillin]] 2g IV q4-6h {{withorwithout}} [[Gentamicin]] 1.7 mg/kg IV q8h for 4-6 weeks | |||
:* Alternative regimen: [[TMP-SMX]] 3-5 mg/kg (trimethoprim) q6h IV for 4-6 weeks | |||
*4. '''Gastroenteritis''' | |||
:* Preferred regimen (1): [[Amoxicillin]] 2g IV q4-6h | |||
:* Preferred regimen (2): [[TMP-SMX]] 3-5 mg/kg (trimethoprim) q6h IV for 7 days | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
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[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious disease]] | [[Category:Infectious disease]] | ||
[[Category:Infectious Disease Project]] |
Revision as of 14:03, 7 August 2015
Listeriosis Microchapters |
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Overview
Ampicillin, with or without gentamicin, is the preferred antibiotic for the treatment of listeriosis. Patients intolerant to penicillins may be managed with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. The suggested minimum duration of therapy depends on the clinical syndrome. Listerial gastroenteritis is frequently self-limited but a short course of oral ampicillin may be considered in individuals with impaired cell-mediated immunity or those who have ingested food implicated in outbreaks. Listeria bacteremia requires at least 2 weeks of treatment, meningitis 3 weeks, endocarditis 4 to 6 weeks, and brain abscess or rhombencephalitis 6 weeks.
Principles of Therapy
- Ampicillin, amoxicillin, and penicillin G are considered effective for listeriosis. Alternatively, for patients unable to tolerate beta-lactams, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole may be administered. Chloramphenicol is not regarded as an acceptable option due to high treatment failure and relapse rates.[1] Addition of an aminoglycoside, which confers synergistic bactericidal effects to ampicillin, is recommended for the treatment of listerial bacteremia, endocarditis, brain abscess, meningitis, or rhombencephalitis.[2]
- Meningitis is the most common clinical manifestation, and antibiotics that penetrate well into the cerebrospinal fluid should be chosen. Gastroenteritis caused by Listeria monocytogenes is usually self-limited and complete recovery typically occurs within 2 days. Persons who have ingested food implicated in outbreaks and who have a high risk of invasive illness may be treated with oral ampicillin or trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for several days.[3]
- The table below describes the recommended duration of therapy based upon the clinical syndrome:[4][5]
Clinical Syndrome | Duration of Therapy |
Gastroenteritis, if indicated | Several days |
Listeriosis in pregnancy | 2 weeks |
Listeriosis in neonates | 2 weeks |
Meningitis | 2–3 weeks |
Bacteremia | 2–4 weeks |
Endocarditis | 4–6 weeks |
Non-CNS listeriosis in immunocompromised hosts | 4–6 weeks |
Brain abscess or rhombencephalitis | 6 weeks |
Antibiotic Therapy for Listeria monocytogenes
- Click on the following categories to expand treatment regimens.
L. monocytogenes Infections ▸ Bacteremia ▸ Brain Abscess ▸ Endocarditis ▸ Gastroenteritis ▸ Meningitis ▸ Rhombencephalitis |
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Adapted from Clin Infect Dis. 1997;24(1):1-9.,[6] Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40(9):1327-32.,[7] and Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39(9):1267-84.[8]
Antimicrobial regimen
- 1. Meningitis [9]
- Preferred regimen: Ampicillin 2g IV q4-6h ± Gentamicin 1.7 mg/kg IV q8h for more than 3 weeks
- Alternative regimen: TMP-SMX 3-5 mg/kg (trimethoprim) IV q6h for more than 3 weeks
- 2. Bacteremia
- Preferred regimen: Ampicillin 2g IV q4-6h ± Gentamicin 1.7 mg/kg IV q8h for 2 weeks
- Alternative regimen: TMP-SMX 3-5 mg/kg (trimethoprim) q6h IV for 2 weeks
- 3. Brain abscess or rhomboencephalitis
- Preferred regimen: Ampicillin 2g IV q4-6h ± Gentamicin 1.7 mg/kg IV q8h for 4-6 weeks
- Alternative regimen: TMP-SMX 3-5 mg/kg (trimethoprim) q6h IV for 4-6 weeks
- 4. Gastroenteritis
- Preferred regimen (1): Amoxicillin 2g IV q4-6h
- Preferred regimen (2): TMP-SMX 3-5 mg/kg (trimethoprim) q6h IV for 7 days
References
- ↑ Stamm, A. M. (1982-06). "Listeriosis in renal transplant recipients: report of an outbreak and review of 102 cases". Reviews of Infectious Diseases. 4 (3): 665–682. ISSN 0162-0886. PMID 6750737. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help); Check date values in:|date=
(help) - ↑ Gellin, B. G. (1989-03-03). "Listeriosis". JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association. 261 (9): 1313–1320. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 2492614. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help) - ↑ Lorber, B. (1997-01). "Listeriosis". Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 24 (1): 1–9, quiz 10-11. ISSN 1058-4838. PMID 8994747. Check date values in:
|date=
(help) - ↑ Lorber, B. (1997-01). "Listeriosis". Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 24 (1): 1–9, quiz 10-11. ISSN 1058-4838. PMID 8994747. Check date values in:
|date=
(help) - ↑ Gellin, B. G. (1989-03-03). "Listeriosis". JAMA: the journal of the American Medical Association. 261 (9): 1313–1320. ISSN 0098-7484. PMID 2492614. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help) - ↑ Lorber, B. (1997-01). "Listeriosis". Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 24 (1): 1–9, quiz 10-11. ISSN 1058-4838. PMID 8994747. Check date values in:
|date=
(help) - ↑ Ooi, Say Tat (2005-05-01). "Gastroenteritis due to Listeria monocytogenes". Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 40 (9): 1327–1332. doi:10.1086/429324. ISSN 1537-6591. PMID 15825036. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help) - ↑ Tunkel, Allan R. (2004-11-01). "Practice guidelines for the management of bacterial meningitis". Clinical Infectious Diseases: An Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America. 39 (9): 1267–1284. doi:10.1086/425368. ISSN 1537-6591. PMID 15494903. Unknown parameter
|coauthors=
ignored (help) - ↑ Bartlett, John (2012). Johns Hopkins ABX guide : diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases. Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning. ISBN 978-1449625580.