Kidney stone CT: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
 
Abdominal and pelvic CT scan is helpful in the diagnosis of nephrolithiasis. Findings on CT scan diagnostic of nephrolithiasis include radiopacity showing the location, density and composition of stones [[calcium oxalate]] +/- [[calcium phosphate]]: 400-600 HU, [[struvite]] (triple phosphate): usually opaque but variable, pure [[calcium phosphate]] 400-600 HU, [[uric acid]]: 100-200 HU and [[cystine]]: opaque.
 
==CT scan==
*Abdominal and pelvic CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of nephrolithiasis. Findings on CT scan diagnostic of nephrolithiasis include:
**Radiopacity showing the location, density and composition of stones:
***[[Calcium oxalate]] +/- calcium phosphate: 400-600 HU
***[[Struvite]] (triple phosphate): usually opaque but variable
***Pure [[Calcium phosphate|calcium phosphate:]] 400-600 HU
***[[Uric acid]]: 100-200 HU
***[[Cystine]]: opaque


==CT==
[[Computed tomography]] (CT or CAT scan), a specialized X-ray, is considered the gold-standard diagnostic test for the detection of kidney stones, and in this setting does not require the use of intravenous contrast, which carries some risk in certain people (eg, allergy, kidney damage).  All stones are detectable by CT except very rare stones composed of certain drug residues in the urine.  The non-contrast "renal colic study" CT scan has become the standard test for the immediate diagnosis of flank pain typical of a kidney stone.  If positive for stones, a single standard x-ray of the abdomen (KUB) is recommended.  This additional x-ray provides the physicians with a clearer idea of the exact size and shape of the stone as well as its surgical orientation.  Further, it makes it simple to follow the progress of the stone without the need for the much more expensive CT scan just by doing another single x-ray at some point in the future.


'''Patient #1: CT Image Demonstrates a Jackstone Calculus'''
'''Patient #1: CT Image Demonstrates a Jackstone Calculus'''
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==References==
==References==
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[[Category:Needs overview]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[Category:Kidney diseases]]
[[Category:Urology]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[Category:Intensive care medicine]]


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Latest revision as of 07:07, 22 June 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Amandeep Singh M.D.[2]

Overview

Abdominal and pelvic CT scan is helpful in the diagnosis of nephrolithiasis. Findings on CT scan diagnostic of nephrolithiasis include radiopacity showing the location, density and composition of stones calcium oxalate +/- calcium phosphate: 400-600 HU, struvite (triple phosphate): usually opaque but variable, pure calcium phosphate 400-600 HU, uric acid: 100-200 HU and cystine: opaque.

CT scan

  • Abdominal and pelvic CT scan may be helpful in the diagnosis of nephrolithiasis. Findings on CT scan diagnostic of nephrolithiasis include:


Patient #1: CT Image Demonstrates a Jackstone Calculus

Patient #2: CT Images Demonstrates Bilateral Staghorn Calculi

Patient #3: CT Images Demonstrates Left-sided Staghorn Calculi

References

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