Kaposi's sarcoma classification

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Haytham Allaham, M.D. [2] Huda A. Karman, M.D.

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Overview

Kaposi's sarcoma may be classified according to the clinical setting of the disease into five subtypes include Classic Kaposi's sarcoma, African cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma, African lymphadenopathic Kaposi's sarcoma, Immunosuppression-associated Kaposi's sarcoma, and AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma.

Classification

  • According to the clinical setting of the disease, clinical presentation, epidemiology, and prognosis Kaposi's sarcoma may be classified into five different subtypes which include:[1][2][3]
  • Classic Kaposi's sarcoma
  • African cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma
  • African lymphadenopathic Kaposi's sarcoma
  • Iatrogenic Kaposi's sarcoma (immunosuppression-associated Kaposi's sarcoma)
  • AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma



Types Characteristics
Classic Kaposi's sarcoma [4]
  • vascular sarcoma
  • common in Mediterranean elderly men
  • indolent clinical behavior
  • appears as pigmented macular–papular lesions on mucocutaneous surface
  • typically dark blue or purple
  • Lesions may present as solitary nodules or plaques and tumors to a size of several centimeters
  • typically present in the skin of the lower extremities and progresses very slowly
  • Mucous membranes of the mouth and GI tract and regional lymph nodes may be affected
  • Factors that affect the selection of local therapy are the extent and location of the lesions and the rapidity of clinical change.
African cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma
African lymphadenopathic Kaposi's sarcoma
Iatrogenic Kaposi's sarcoma (immunosuppression-associated Kaposi's sarcoma)
AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma

References

  1. Uldrick TS, Whitby D (June 2011). "Update on KSHV epidemiology, Kaposi Sarcoma pathogenesis, and treatment of Kaposi Sarcoma". Cancer Lett. 305 (2): 150–62. doi:10.1016/j.canlet.2011.02.006. PMID 21377267.
  2. Krigel RL, Laubenstein LJ, Muggia FM (June 1983). "Kaposi's sarcoma: a new staging classification". Cancer Treat Rep. 67 (6): 531–4. PMID 6861160.
  3. Grayson W, Pantanowitz L (July 2008). "Histological variants of cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma". Diagn Pathol. 3: 31. doi:10.1186/1746-1596-3-31. PMC 2526984. PMID 18655700.
  4. Vincenzi B, D'Onofrio L, Frezza AM, Grasso RF, Fausti V, Santini D; et al. (2015). "Classic Kaposi Sarcoma: to treat or not to treat?". BMC Res Notes. 8: 138. doi:10.1186/s13104-015-1076-1. PMC 4395989. PMID 25889316.


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