Ischemic stroke epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
Line 22: Line 22:
* Some risk factors for stroke apply only to women
* Some risk factors for stroke apply only to women
** Primary among these are pregnancy, childbirth, menopause and the treatment thereof ([[Hormone replacement therapy|HRT]]).
** Primary among these are pregnancy, childbirth, menopause and the treatment thereof ([[Hormone replacement therapy|HRT]]).
===Stroke in USA===
*Stroke is a leading cause of serious long-term disability
*In USA, the incidence and mortality rates of stroke has significantly decreased compared to previous years.
*From year 2003 to 2013, the mortality rates due to stroke declined by 18.5%.<ref name="pmid26673558">{{cite journal| author=Writing Group Members. Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ et al.| title=Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. | journal=Circulation | year= 2016 | volume= 133 | issue= 4 | pages= e38-360 | pmid=26673558 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000350 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26673558  }} </ref>
*In 2013, stroke became the fifth leading cause of death.
*The case fatality rate of stroke is estimated to be 41.7 deaths per 100, 000 population<ref name="pmid26673558">{{cite journal| author=Writing Group Members. Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ et al.| title=Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. | journal=Circulation | year= 2016 | volume= 133 | issue= 4 | pages= e38-360 | pmid=26673558 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000350 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26673558  }} </ref>
*The incidence of new (610, 000) or recurrent stroke (185, 000) is estimated to be 795000 people annually or 250 cases per 100, 000.<ref name="pmid26673558">{{cite journal| author=Writing Group Members. Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ et al.| title=Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. | journal=Circulation | year= 2016 | volume= 133 | issue= 4 | pages= e38-360 | pmid=26673558 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000350 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26673558  }} </ref>
*It is estimated that one incidence of stroke happens every 4 sec with death occurs every 4 min.<ref name="pmid26673558">{{cite journal| author=Writing Group Members. Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ et al.| title=Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association. | journal=Circulation | year= 2016 | volume= 133 | issue= 4 | pages= e38-360 | pmid=26673558 | doi=10.1161/CIR.0000000000000350 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26673558  }} </ref>
*About 87% of all strokes are ischemic strokes<ref name="CDCstroke">http://www.cdc.gov/stroke/facts.htm Accessed on November 3, 2016</ref>
*Stroke costs the United States an estimated $34 billion each year<ref name="CDCstroke">http://www.cdc.gov/stroke/facts.htm Accessed on November 3, 2016</ref>
===Worldwide===
*According to WHO, the incidence of stroke is estimated to be 15 million people annually, worldwide.<ref name="WHOSTROKE">Mackay, Judith, et al. The atlas of heart disease and stroke. World Health Organization, 2004 Accessed on November 3 2016</ref>.
*Out of these, 5 million die and 5 million are left permanently disabled.<ref name="WHOSTROKE">Mackay, Judith, et al. The atlas of heart disease and stroke. World Health Organization, 2004 Accessed on November 3 2016</ref>.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 22:27, 27 July 2022

Ischemic Stroke Microchapters

Main Stroke Page

Transient ischemic attack

Hemorrhagic Stroke Page

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Stroke from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

Electrocardiogram

CT

MRI

Echocardiography

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Findings

Treatment

Early Assessment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Rehabilitation

Primary Prevention

Secondary Prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

AHA/ASA Guidelines for Stroke

Case Studies

Case #1

Ischemic stroke epidemiology and demographics On the Web

Most recent articles

Most cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Ischemic stroke epidemiology and demographics

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Ischemic stroke epidemiology and demographics

CDC on Ischemic stroke epidemiology and demographics

Ischemic stroke epidemiology and demographics in the news

Blogs on Ischemic stroke epidemiology and demographics

Directions to Hospitals Treating Stroke

Risk calculators and risk factors for Ischemic stroke epidemiology and demographics

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Epidemiology and Demographics

Incidence

  • Worldwide, the incidence of ischemic stroke is estimated to be 68 percent.[1]
    • Stroke is the third leading cause of death in the Western world, after heart disease and cancer, and causes 10% of deaths worldwide.[2]
  • The incidence of stroke increases exponentially from 30 years of age, and etiology varies by age.[3]

Age

According to National Health Interview survey data, there is increased no of hospitalizations in patients aged 5-44 years for ischemic stroke.

  • 95% of strokes occur in people age 45 and older; two-thirds of strokes occur in those over the age of 65.[4]
  • A person's risk of dying if he or she does have a stroke also increases with age.
    • However, stroke can occur at any age, including in fetuses.
  • Stroke is the second leading killer of people under 20 yrs age who suffer from sickle-cell anemia.

Gender

  • Men are 1.25 times more likely to suffer cerebral vascular accidents than women.
    • However, 60% of deaths from stroke occur in women: Since women usually live longer, they are usually older when they suffer from strokes and are more often killed).[4]
  • Some risk factors for stroke apply only to women
    • Primary among these are pregnancy, childbirth, menopause and the treatment thereof (HRT).

Stroke in USA

  • Stroke is a leading cause of serious long-term disability
  • In USA, the incidence and mortality rates of stroke has significantly decreased compared to previous years.
  • From year 2003 to 2013, the mortality rates due to stroke declined by 18.5%.[5]
  • In 2013, stroke became the fifth leading cause of death.
  • The case fatality rate of stroke is estimated to be 41.7 deaths per 100, 000 population[5]
  • The incidence of new (610, 000) or recurrent stroke (185, 000) is estimated to be 795000 people annually or 250 cases per 100, 000.[5]
  • It is estimated that one incidence of stroke happens every 4 sec with death occurs every 4 min.[5]
  • About 87% of all strokes are ischemic strokes[6]
  • Stroke costs the United States an estimated $34 billion each year[6]

Worldwide

  • According to WHO, the incidence of stroke is estimated to be 15 million people annually, worldwide.[7].
  • Out of these, 5 million die and 5 million are left permanently disabled.[7].

References

  1. Murray CJ, Lopez AD (1997). "Mortality by cause for eight regions of the world: Global Burden of Disease Study". Lancet. 349 (9061): 1269–76. PMID 9142060.
  2. The World health report 2004. Annex Table 2: Deaths by cause, sex and mortality stratum in WHO regions, estimates for 2002 (PDF). Geneva: World Health Organization. 2004.
  3. Ellekjær, H (1997). "Epidemiology of Stroke in Innherred, Norway, 1994 to 1996 : Incidence and 30-Day Case-Fatality Rate". Stroke. 28: 2180–2184. PMID 9368561. Retrieved 2008-01-22. Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (help)
  4. 4.0 4.1 National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) (1999). "Stroke: Hope Through Research". National Institutes of Health.
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Writing Group Members. Mozaffarian D, Benjamin EJ, Go AS, Arnett DK, Blaha MJ; et al. (2016). "Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics-2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association". Circulation. 133 (4): e38–360. doi:10.1161/CIR.0000000000000350. PMID 26673558.
  6. 6.0 6.1 http://www.cdc.gov/stroke/facts.htm Accessed on November 3, 2016
  7. 7.0 7.1 Mackay, Judith, et al. The atlas of heart disease and stroke. World Health Organization, 2004 Accessed on November 3 2016


Template:WS Template:WH