Ischemic stroke differential diagnosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aysha Anwar, M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Diseases	Diagnostic tests					Physical Examination				Symptoms				Past medical history	Other Findings
Diseases	CBC	BMP	CT /MRI	CSF Findings	Gold standard test	Motor Deficit	Sensory deficit	Reflexes	Cranial nerves	Headache	LOC	Motor weakness	Abnormal sensations		Other Findings
Brain tumour^[1]					↓	+	+		+	+					Cahexia
Hemorrhagic stroke						+	+		+	+	+	+		Hypertension+
Subdural hemorrhage						+	+		+	+	+	+		Trauma/fall
Neurosyphilis^[2]^[3]			+		↓	+	+			+		+	+	STIs
Complex or atypical migraine	↑									+
Conversion disorder		↓			↓	+	+			+	+	+
Electrolyte disturbance
Intracranial neoplasm
Meningitis or encephalitis					↓				+	+					Fever, Neck rigidity
Multiple sclerosis exacerbation					↓	+	+					+	+
Seizure					↓	+				+	+
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia										+	+		+		Palpitations, sweating

↑ Morgenstern LB, Frankowski RF (1999). "Brain tumor masquerading as stroke". J Neurooncol. 44 (1): 47–52. PMID 10582668.
↑ Liu LL, Zheng WH, Tong ML, Liu GL, Zhang HL, Fu ZG; et al. (2012). "Ischemic stroke as a primary symptom of neurosyphilis among HIV-negative emergency patients". J Neurol Sci. 317 (1–2): 35–9. doi:10.1016/j.jns.2012.03.003. PMID 22482824.
↑ Berger JR, Dean D (2014). "Neurosyphilis". Handb Clin Neurol. 121: 1461–72. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7020-4088-7.00098-5. PMID 24365430.