Hypomelanosis

Hypomelanosis

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Luke Rusowicz-Orazem, B.S.

Overview

Hypomelanosis is also referred to as hypopigmentation, and a condition in which there is too little pigment in the skin, hair, mucous membranes, and retina of the eye.

Causes

Common Causes

• Actinic granuloma
• Albinism
• Albinoidism
• Anemia
• Anetoderma
• Burns
• Chediak-higashi disease
• Cole disease
• Dermatomyositis
• Dyskeratosis congenita
• Elejalde syndrome
• Griscelli syndrome
• Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis
• Incontinentia pigmenti
• Ito syndrome
• Lepromatous leprosy
• Leprosy 
• Lymphoproliferative diseases
• Malassezia furfur
• Malignant melanoma
• Melanocortin 1 receptor mutations
• Melanoma
• Neuroectodermal melanolysosomal disease
• Nevus anemicus
• Nevus depigmentosus
• Oculo-cutaneous albinism
• Pinta
• Poikiloderma
• Proopiomelanocortin deficiency
• Psoriasis
• Reticulate acropigmentation of dohi
• Rothmund-thomson syndrome
• Skin damage
• Tinea versicolor
• Transient bullous dermolysis of the newborn
• Tuberculoid leprosy
• Vitiligo

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Varicosis
Chemical/Poisoning	Azelaic acid
Dental	No underlying causes
Dermatologic	Actinic granuloma, Albinism, Albinoidism, Anemia, Anetoderma, Burns, Chediak-higashi disease, Cole disease, Dermatomyositis, Dyskeratosis congenita, Elejalde syndrome, Griscelli syndrome , Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis, Incontinentia pigmenti, Ito syndrome, Lepromatous leprosy, Leprosy , Lymphoproliferative diseases, Malassezia furfur, Malignant melanoma, Melanocortin 1 receptor mutations, Melanoma, Neuroectodermal melanolysosomal disease, Nevus anemicus, Nevus depigmentosus, Oculo-cutaneous albinism, Pinta, Poikiloderma, Proopiomelanocortin deficiency, Psoriasis, Reticulate acropigmentation of dohi, Rothmund-thomson syndrome, Skin damage, Tinea versicolor, Transient bullous dermolysis of the newborn, Tuberculoid leprosy, Vitiligo
Drug Side Effect	Corticosteroid injection, Drugs, Hydroquinone, Mequinol, Pazopanib
Ear Nose Throat	No underlying causes
Endocrine	Addison's disease, Albinism, Albinoidism, Chediak-higashi disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, Homocystinuria, Hyperthyroidism, Hypoparathyroidism, Hypothyroidism, Kwashiorkor, Marasmus, Nephropathic early-onset cystinosis, Phenylketonuria , Pituitary insufficiency, Polyendocrine deficiency syndrome type 2, Proopiomelanocortin deficiency
Environmental	No underlying causes
Gastroenterologic	Gastric carcinoma, Hirschsprung disease, Kwashiorkor, Marasmus
Genetic	Angelman syndrome, Cole disease, Cowden's syndrome , Cross-mckusick-breen syndrome, Genetic defects, Hirschsprung disease, Melanocortin 1 receptor mutations, Menkes disease, Piebaldism, Polyendocrine deficiency syndrome type 2, Rothmund-thomson syndrome, Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with combined immunodeficiency , Tietz syndrome, Transient bullous dermolysis of the newborn, Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type i , Triploid syndrome, Vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome, Waardenburg syndrome, Whitaker syndrome
Hematologic	Diabetes mellitus, Dysgammaglobulinemia, Lymphoproliferative diseases, Pernicious anemia, Thrombopenia
Iatrogenic	Corticosteroid injection
Infectious Disease	Candidiasis , Infection, Inflammation, Malassezia furfur, Onchocerciasis, Pinta, Pityriasis alba, Pseudoatrophoderma colli, Secondary syphilis, Tinea versicolor, Tuberculoid leprosy
Musculoskeletal/Orthopedic	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Angelman syndrome, Deafness, Phenylketonuria , Syringomyelia, Tuberous sclerosis, Yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome
Nutritional/Metabolic	Diabetes mellitus
Obstetric/Gynecologic	Candidiasis
Oncologic	Cowden's syndrome , Cutaneous t-cell lymphoma, Dermatomyositis, Gastric carcinoma, Malignant melanoma, Melanoma
Ophthalmologic	Homocystinuria, Oculo-cutaneous albinism
Overdose/Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Sarcoidosis
Renal/Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheumatology/Immunology/Allergy	Dysgammaglobulinemia, Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis , Myasthenia gravis, Psoriasis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Sarcoidosis, Scleroderma, Systemic lupus erythematosus
Sexual	Secondary syphilis
Trauma	Burns
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	No underlying causes

Causes in Alphabetical Order

• Actinic granuloma
• Addison's disease
• Albinism
• Albinoidism
• Anemia
• Anetoderma
• Angelman syndrome
• Azelaic acid
• Burns
• Candidiasis
• Chediak-higashi disease
• Cole disease
• Congenital
• Corticosteroid injection
• Cowden's syndrome 
• Cross-mckusick-breen syndrome
• Cutaneous t-cell lymphoma
• Deafness
• Dermatomyositis
• Diabetes mellitus
• Drugs
• Dysgammaglobulinemia
• Dyskeratosis congenita
• Elejalde syndrome
• Gastric carcinoma
• Genetic defects
• Griscelli syndrome
• Hashimoto's thyroiditis
• Hirschsprung disease
• Homocystinuria
• Hydroquinone
• Hyperthyroidism
• Hypoparathyroidism
• Hypothyroidism
• Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis
• Incontinentia pigmenti
• Infection
• Inflammation
• Ito syndrome
• Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis 
• Kwashiorkor
• Lepromatous leprosy
• Leprosy 
• Lymphoproliferative diseases
• Malassezia furfur
• Malignant melanoma
• Marasmus
• Melanocortin 1 receptor mutations
• Melanoma
• Menkes disease
• Mequinol
• Myasthenia gravis
• Nephropathic early-onset cystinosis
• Neuroectodermal melanolysosomal disease
• Nevus anemicus
• Nevus depigmentosus
• Oculo-cutaneous albinism
• Onchocerciasis
• Pazopanib
• Pernicious anemia
• Phenylketonuria 
• Piebaldism
• Pinta
• Pituitary insufficiency
• Pityriasis alba
• Poikiloderma
• Polyendocrine deficiency syndrome type 2
• Proopiomelanocortin deficiency
• Pseudoatrophoderma colli
• Psoriasis
• Reticulate acropigmentation of dohi
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Rothmund-thomson syndrome
• Sarcoidosis
• Scleroderma
• Secondary syphilis
• Skin damage
• Spondylometaphyseal dysplasia with combined immunodeficiency 
• Syringomyelia
• Systemic lupus erythematosus
• Thrombopenia
• Tietz syndrome
• Tinea versicolor
• Transient bullous dermolysis of the newborn
• Trichorhinophalangeal syndrome type i 
• Triploid syndrome
• Tuberculoid leprosy
• Tuberous sclerosis
• Varicosis
• Vitiligo
• Vogt-koyanagi-harada syndrome
• Waardenburg syndrome
• Whitaker syndrome 
• Yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome

See Also

• Albinism