Hyperplasia: Difference between revisions
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{{ | {{SK}} Physiologic hyperplasia; Pathologic hyperplasia; Hypergenesis | ||
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==Overview== | |||
'''Hyperplasia''' (or "hypergenesis") is a general term referring to the proliferation of cells within an organ or tissue. Hyperplasia may result in the gross enlargement of an organ, the formation of a benign [[tumor]]. Hyperplasia is considered to be a [[physiology|physiological]] response to a specific stimulus, and the cells of a hyperplastic growth remain subject to normal regulatory control mechanisms. This stands in contrast to [[neoplasia]] (the process underlying [[cancer]] and some [[benign|benign tumors]]), in which genetically abnormal cells proliferate in a non-physiological manner which is unresponsive to normal stimuli.<ref name="robbins">{{cite book |author=Ramzi Cotran, Vinay Kumar, Tucker Collins |title=Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, Sixth Edition |year=1999 |publisher=W.B. Saunders |isbn=072167335X}}</ref> | |||
==[[ | ==Classification== | ||
*Hyperplasia may be classified into 2 groups: | |||
'''Physiologic hyperplasia''' | |||
:*Normal stressor (eg. pregnancy) | |||
'''Pathologic hyperplasia''' | |||
:*Abnormal stressor | |||
==Pathophysiology== | |||
*The pathogenesis of hyperplasia is characterized by an increase in the number of cells. | |||
*On gross pathology, findings of hyperplasia will depend on the anatomical site. | |||
*On microscopic histopathological analysis, are characteristic findings of hyperplasia. | |||
==Causes== | |||
*Hyperplasia may be caused by either increased [[demand (disambiguation)|demand]], [[Chronic inflammation|chronic inflammatory response]], or [[Compensatory growth (organ)|compensation]] for [[injury|damage]]. | |||
==[[ | ==Differentiating Hyperplasia from other Diseases== | ||
*Hyperplasia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause abnormal tissue growth such as: | |||
:*[[Cancer]] | |||
:*[[Hypertrophy]] | |||
:*[[Metaplasia]] | |||
==Risk Factors== | |||
*Common risk factors in the development of hyperplasia are genetic mutations, chronic inflammation, increased metabolic demand, and hormonal stimulation. | |||
== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | |||
[[Category:Anatomical pathology]] | [[Category:Anatomical pathology]] | ||
[[Category:Disease]] | [[Category:Disease]] | ||
[[Category:Types of cancer]] | [[Category:Types of cancer]] | ||
[[Category:Oncology]] | [[Category:Oncology]] | ||
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | {{WikiDoc Help Menu}} | ||
{{WikiDoc Sources}} | {{WikiDoc Sources}} |
Revision as of 16:12, 7 April 2016
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Maria Fernanda Villarreal, M.D. [2]
Synonyms and keywords: Physiologic hyperplasia; Pathologic hyperplasia; Hypergenesis
Overview
Hyperplasia (or "hypergenesis") is a general term referring to the proliferation of cells within an organ or tissue. Hyperplasia may result in the gross enlargement of an organ, the formation of a benign tumor. Hyperplasia is considered to be a physiological response to a specific stimulus, and the cells of a hyperplastic growth remain subject to normal regulatory control mechanisms. This stands in contrast to neoplasia (the process underlying cancer and some benign tumors), in which genetically abnormal cells proliferate in a non-physiological manner which is unresponsive to normal stimuli.[1]
Classification
- Hyperplasia may be classified into 2 groups:
Physiologic hyperplasia
- Normal stressor (eg. pregnancy)
Pathologic hyperplasia
- Abnormal stressor
Pathophysiology
- The pathogenesis of hyperplasia is characterized by an increase in the number of cells.
- On gross pathology, findings of hyperplasia will depend on the anatomical site.
- On microscopic histopathological analysis, are characteristic findings of hyperplasia.
Causes
- Hyperplasia may be caused by either increased demand, chronic inflammatory response, or compensation for damage.
Differentiating Hyperplasia from other Diseases
- Hyperplasia must be differentiated from other diseases that cause abnormal tissue growth such as:
Risk Factors
- Common risk factors in the development of hyperplasia are genetic mutations, chronic inflammation, increased metabolic demand, and hormonal stimulation.
References
- ↑ Ramzi Cotran, Vinay Kumar, Tucker Collins (1999). Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease, Sixth Edition. W.B. Saunders. ISBN 072167335X.