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__NOTOC__
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
'''For patient information click [[{{PAGENAME}} (patient information)|here]]'''
{{Infobox_Disease |
{{Hemangioma}}
  Name          = {{PAGENAME}} |
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{JH}} {{NM}}{{ADS}}
  Image          = Capillary_haemangioma.jpg |
  Caption        = A capillary haemangioma |
  DiseasesDB    = 30033 |
  ICD10          = {{ICD10|D|18|0|d|10}}
  ICD9          = {{ICD9|228.0}} |
  ICDO          = {{ICDO|9120|0}} |
  OMIM          = |
  MedlinePlus    = 001459 |
  eMedicineSubj  = orthoped |
  eMedicineTopic = 499 |
  MeshID        = D006391 |
}}


{{SI}}
{{SK}} Haemangioma
{{CMG}}


{{Editor Help}}
==[[Hemangioma overview|Overview]]==


<!--[[Image:CapilHemangioma of Infancy (1).jpg|thumb|Histopathology of cutaneous hemangioma of infancy. Skin biopsy. Hematoxylin and eosin stain.]]-->
==[[Hemangioma historical perspective|Historical Perspective]]==
==Overview==
A '''hemangioma''' is an abnormal build up of blood vessels in the skin or internal organs.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001459.htm | title = ''Hemangioma''| authro [Michael S. Lehrer, M.D., Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network.]}}</ref> It is also described as a congenital benign skin lesion consisting of dense, usually elevated masses of dilated [[blood vessels]]".<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kmle.com/search.php?Search=hemangioma | title = ''KMLE American Heritage Medical Dictionary definition of hemangioma'' | author = [http://www.kmle.com The American Heritage Stedman's Medical Dictionary]}}</ref> In most cases, hemangiomas will disappear over time.  They are formed either during [[gestation]] or appear during the first few weeks of life and may present as a [[birthmark]]. Hemangiomas occur in approximately ten percent of Caucasians, and are less prevalent in other races. Females are three to five times more likely to have hemangiomas than males. Hemangiomas can be vivid superficial [[lesions]], known as capillary hemangiomas (often referred to as "Strawberry Marks"), or they can be deep bluish swelling, known as cavernous hemangiomas. Sometimes they can be both superficial and deep. Approximately eighty percent are located on the face and neck, with the next most prevalent location being the liver. Although hemangiomas are [[benign]], some serious complications can occur.


==Complications==
==[[Hemangioma classification|Classification]]==
The vast majority of hemangiomas are not associated with complications. Hemangiomas may break down on the surface to form [[ulcers]]. If the ulceration is deep, significant bleeding may rarely occur. Ulceration on the diaper area can be painful and problematic.


If an hemangioma develops in the larynx, breathing can be compromised. A hemangioma can grow and block one of the eyes, causing an [[amblyopia|occlusion amblyopia]]. Very rarely, extremely large hemangiomas can cause high-output heart failure due to the amount of blood that must be pumped to excess blood vessels. Lesions adjacent to bone can also cause erosion of the bone.
==[[Hemangioma pathophysiology|Pathophysiology]]==


The most frequent complaints about hemangiomas, however, stem from psychosocial complications: the condition can affect a person's appearance and can provoke attention and malicious reactions from others. Particular problems occur if the lip or nose is involved, as distortion can be difficult to treat surgically.
==[[Hemangioma causes|Causes]]==


==Treatment==
==[[Hemangioma differential diagnosis|Differentiating Hemangioma from other Diseases]]==
Most hemangiomas disappear without treatment, leaving minimal or no visible marks. Large hemangiomas can leave visible skin changes secondary to severe stretching of the skin or damage to surface texture. When hemangiomas interfere with vision, breathing, or threaten significant cosmetic injury, they are usually treated.  The mainstay of treatment is oral [[corticosteroid]] therapy. Other drugs such as interferon or vincristine are sometimes considered if the corticosteroids do not work. If this fails, surgical removal often becomes necessary. Blockage of the airway will often require a [[Tracheotomy|tracheostomy]] to be performed (insertion of an external airway through the front of the neck into the trachea below the level of the obstruction). Smaller raised lesions are sometimes treated with injection of [[corticosteroid]] directly into the lesion. [[Pulsed dye laser]] can be useful for very early flat lesions if they appear in cosmetically significant areas or for those lesions that leave residual surface blood vessels in the case of incomplete resolution.


Ulceration will usually heal with topical medication and special dressings under medical supervision. Sometimes pulsed dye laser can be used to accelerate healing.
==[[Hemangioma epidemiology and demographics|Epidemiology and Demographics]]==


==Prognosis==
==[[Hemangioma risk factors|Risk Factors]]==
Hemangiomas go through three stages of development and decay:


:#In the '''proliferation''' stage, a hemangioma grows very quickly. This stage can last up to twelve months.
==[[Hemangioma screening|Screening]]==
:#In the '''rest''' stage, there is very little change in a hemangioma's appearance. This usually lasts until the infant is one to two years old.
:#In the '''involution''' phase, a hemangioma finally begins to diminish in size. Fifty percent of lesions will have disappeared by age five with the vast majority gone by puberty.


==External links==
==[[Hemangioma natural history, complications and prognosis|Natural History, Complications and Prognosis]]==
* [http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001459.htm] - from NIH
* [http://www.drgreene.com/21_1107.html] - Frequently Asked Questions
* [http://www.medicinenet.com/hepatic_hemangioma/article.htm Hepatic Hemangioma]
* [http://www.hemangiomatreatment.com/ Hemangioma International Treatment Center]


==References==  
==Diagnosis==
<references/>
[[Hemangioma diagnostic study of choice|Diagnostic Study of Choice]] | [[Hemangioma staging|Staging]] | [[Hemangioma history and symptoms|History and Symptoms]] | [[Hemangioma physical examination|Physical Examination]] | [[Hemangioma laboratory findings|Laboratory Findings]] | [[Hemangioma electrocardiogram|Electrocardiogram]] | [[Hemangioma x ray|X Ray]] | [[Hemangioma CT|CT]] | [[Hemangioma MRI|MRI]] | [[Hemangioma ultrasound|Ultrasound]] | [[Hemangioma other imaging findings|Other Imaging Findings]] | [[Hemangioma other diagnostic studies|Other Diagnostic Studies]]
{{Soft tissue tumors and sarcomas}}
{{SIB}}
[[ar:ورم وعائي دموي]]
[[de:Hämangiom]]
[[es:Hemangioma]]
[[fr:Hémangiome]]
[[nl:Hemangioom]]
[[pt:Hemangioma]]
[[ru:Гемангиома]]


{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
==Treatment==
{{WikiDoc Sources}}
[[Hemangioma medical therapy|Medical Therapy]] | [[Hemangioma surgery|Surgery]] | [[Hemangioma primary prevention|Primary Prevention]] | [[Hemangioma secondary prevention|Secondary Prevention]] | [[Hemangioma cost-effectiveness of therapy|Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy]] | [[Hemangioma future or investigational therapies|Future or Investigational Therapies]]
 
==Case Studies==
[[Hemangioma case study one|Case #1]]


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Revision as of 02:08, 29 October 2018

For patient information click here

Hemangioma Microchapters

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Overview

Historical Perspective

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Differentiating Hemangioma from other Diseases

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Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

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CT

MRI

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Jesus Rosario Hernandez, M.D. [2] Nawal Muazam M.D.[3]Amandeep Singh M.D.[4]

Synonyms and keywords: Haemangioma

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Hemangioma from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Diagnostic Study of Choice | Staging | History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | X Ray | CT | MRI | Ultrasound | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy | Surgery | Primary Prevention | Secondary Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Studies

Case #1

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