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==Overview==
[[Heartburn]] is commonly caused by [[gastroesophageal reflux disease]] ([[GERD]]) or adverse reactions to various food and drugs, causing [[esophagitis]].
Life threatening causes of [[heartburn]] are far less common and include [[acute coronary syndromes]] and [[esophageal cancer]].
==Causes==
==Causes==
Foods that may cause heartburn:
===Life Threatening Causes===
*Sodas (including cola), and other carbonated beverages
These causes present with [[chest pain]] that may present similarly to [[heartburn]] and also other clinical features that occur with [[heartburn]]:
*Chocolate
*[[Acute coronary syndrome]]
*Citrus fruits and juices
*[[Esophageal cancer]]
*Drug Side Effect- [[Ibuprofen]], [[Ketorolac tromethamine]]
*[[Mediastinitis]]
*Tomatoes and tomato sauce (such as pizza and pasta sauce)
 
*Spicy foods
===Common Causes===
*Red pepper (bell pepper)
*[[Gastroesophageal reflux disease]] ([[GERD]])<ref name="pmid17345925">{{cite journal |vauthors=De Giorgi F, Palmiero M, Esposito I, Mosca F, Cuomo R |title=Pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease |journal=Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital |volume=26 |issue=5 |pages=241–6 |date=October 2006 |pmid=17345925 |pmc=2639970 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Peppermint and spearmint
*[[Esophagitis]] <ref name="pmid16926745">{{cite journal |vauthors=Fennerty MB, Johnson DA |title=Heartburn severity does not predict disease severity in patients with erosive esophagitis |journal=MedGenMed |volume=8 |issue=2 |pages=6 |date=April 2006 |pmid=16926745 |pmc=1785158 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Dry foods such as peanuts
*[[Hiatal hernia]]<ref name="pmid24917956">{{cite journal |vauthors=Karamanolis G, Polymeros D, Triantafyllou K, Adamopoulos A, Barbatzas C, Vafiadis I, Ladas SD |title=Hiatal hernia predisposes to nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux |journal=United European Gastroenterol J |volume=1 |issue=3 |pages=169–74 |date=June 2013 |pmid=24917956 |pmc=4040758 |doi=10.1177/2050640613490295 |url=}}</ref>
*Fatty foods such as ice cream
*Motility disorders (e.g., [[gastroparesis]])
*Garlic
*[[Peptic ulcer]] disorder
*Bread and other foods derived from grains
*Lifestyle:
*Wine
**Exercise
*Drugs are also known to cause or trigger heartburn symptoms.
**Obesity
*Tobacco products (cigarettes, snuff, etc.)
**[[Smoking]] (tobacco)
*Cocaine, and especially Methamphetamine is known to trigger heartburn.
**[[Stress]]
*Alcohol, caffeine as found in coffee, tea, cola, and other beverages.
**Supine body position
*It can also be psychosomatic, primarily in relation to stress and fatigue.
**tight-fitting clothing
*Medications:
**[[Alpha-adrenergic antagonist]]s
**[[Anticholinergic]] agents
**[[Aspirin]] and other [[nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs]]
**[[Beta2 -adrenergic drugs]]
**[[Barbiturates]]
**[[Benzodiazepines]]
**[[Bisphosphonates]]
**[[Calcium channel blockers]]
**[[Chemotherapy]]
**[[Dopamine]]
**[[Estrogen]]
**[[Iron]]
**[[Narcotic analgesics]]
**[[Nitrates]]
**[[Potassium]]
**[[Progesterone]]
**[[Prostaglandins]]
**[[Quinidine]]
**[[Tetracycline]]
**[[Theophylline]]
**[[Tricyclic antidepressants]]
**[[Zidovudine]]
*Dietary:
**[[Alcohol]]
**Caffeinated beverages
**Carbonated beverages
**Chocolate
**Citrus fruit or juices
**Fatty foods
**Garlic or onions
**Mint (peppermint, spearmint)
**Salt and salt substitutes
**Spicy foods
**Tomatoes/tomato juice
*Other:
**Genetics
**Pregnancy<ref name="urlwww.worldgastroenterology.org">{{cite web |url=https://www.worldgastroenterology.org/UserFiles/file/WDHD-2015-handbook-final.pdf |title=www.worldgastroenterology.org |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
 
==Less Common Causes==
*[[Scleroderma]]
*[[Zollinger-Ellison syndrome]]
*[[Pericarditis]]


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}


[[Category:Primary care]]
[[Category:General practice]]
[[Category:General practice]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Digestive disease symptoms]]
[[Category:Digestive disease symptoms]]
[[Category:Symptoms]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[Category:Needs overview]]
 
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Latest revision as of 15:10, 28 September 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: José Eduardo Riceto Loyola Junior, M.D.[2]

Overview

Heartburn is commonly caused by gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or adverse reactions to various food and drugs, causing esophagitis. Life threatening causes of heartburn are far less common and include acute coronary syndromes and esophageal cancer.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

These causes present with chest pain that may present similarly to heartburn and also other clinical features that occur with heartburn:

Common Causes

Less Common Causes

References

  1. De Giorgi F, Palmiero M, Esposito I, Mosca F, Cuomo R (October 2006). "Pathophysiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease". Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 26 (5): 241–6. PMC 2639970. PMID 17345925.
  2. Fennerty MB, Johnson DA (April 2006). "Heartburn severity does not predict disease severity in patients with erosive esophagitis". MedGenMed. 8 (2): 6. PMC 1785158. PMID 16926745.
  3. Karamanolis G, Polymeros D, Triantafyllou K, Adamopoulos A, Barbatzas C, Vafiadis I, Ladas SD (June 2013). "Hiatal hernia predisposes to nocturnal gastro-oesophageal reflux". United European Gastroenterol J. 1 (3): 169–74. doi:10.1177/2050640613490295. PMC 4040758. PMID 24917956.
  4. "www.worldgastroenterology.org" (PDF).