Hantavirus infection epidemiology and demographics: Difference between revisions

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{{Hantavirus infection}}
{{Hantavirus infection}}


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==Overview==
Hantavirus infection has a diverse epidemiology and demographics due to the vast number of viruses classified under [[hantaviruses]]. The total number of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) cases reported in the United States from 2004-2015 is 323. HPS cases have been reported in 30 states, including most of the western half of the country and some eastern states as well. Over half of the confirmed cases have been reported from areas outside the Four Corners area. The mean age of confirmed HPS cases is 38 years (range: 5 to 84 years).<ref name="urlHantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Cases, by State of Exposure | Hantavirus | DHCPP | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/hantavirus/surveillance/state-of-exposure.html |title=Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Cases, by State of Exposure &#124; Hantavirus &#124; DHCPP &#124; CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>


==Epidemiology==
==Epidemiology==
===Incidence===
===Incidence===
*Total number of HPS cases reported in the United States from 2004-2015 is 323.
*Total number of HPS cases reported in the United States from 1993-2003 is 336.<ref name="urlAnnual U.S. HPS Cases and Case-Fatality, 1993-2015 | Hantavirus | DHCPP | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/hantavirus/surveillance/annual-cases.html |title=Annual U.S. HPS Cases and Case-Fatality, 1993-2015 &#124; Hantavirus &#124; DHCPP &#124; CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
*The annual incidence of  HPS in Europe is 3,000 per 100,000 persons.
[[Image:HPS Epi-Curve-Cases-fatality.jpg|center|500px|thumb|Source: Centers for disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov]]
===Case fatality rate===
The case-mortality rate of [[Hantavirus]] infection is approximately 50% worldwide.<ref name="pmid28120221">{{cite journal |vauthors=Jiang H, Zheng X, Wang L, Du H, Wang P, Bai X |title=Hantavirus infection: a global zoonotic challenge |journal=Virol Sin |volume=32 |issue=1 |pages=32–43 |year=2017 |pmid=28120221 |doi=10.1007/s12250-016-3899-x |url=}}</ref>
==Demographics==
==Demographics==
===Age===
===Age===
The mean age of confirmed HPS cases is 38 years (range: 5 to 84 years).<ref name="urlHantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Cases, by State of Exposure | Hantavirus | DHCPP | CDC">{{cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/hantavirus/surveillance/state-of-exposure.html |title=Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Cases, by State of Exposure &#124; Hantavirus &#124; DHCPP &#124; CDC |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref>
===Gender===
===Gender===
Men and women are affected equally by hantavirus infection but of persons ill with hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, 63% have been male, 37% female.
===Race===
===Race===
There is no racial predilection for hantavirus infection. However, Whites currently account for 78% of all cases. American Indians account for about 18% of cases, African Americans for 1% of cases, and Asians for 1% of cases. Of cases with known ethnicity, 19% of HPS cases have been reported among Hispanics (ethnicity considered separately from race).
===Geographic distrubution===
===Geographic distrubution===
 
*Of total 659 HPS cases reported in the United States, 96% occurred in states west of the Mississippi River.
*HPS cases have been reported in 30 states, including most of the western half of the country and some eastern states as well. Over half of the confirmed cases have been reported from areas outside the Four Corners area.
*About three-quarters of patients with HPS have been residents of rural areas.
[[Image:HPS US ByStateOfReporting.jpg|center|500px|thumb|Source: Centers for disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov]]


== References ==
== References ==
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Latest revision as of 21:57, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] ; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

Hantavirus infection has a diverse epidemiology and demographics due to the vast number of viruses classified under hantaviruses. The total number of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) cases reported in the United States from 2004-2015 is 323. HPS cases have been reported in 30 states, including most of the western half of the country and some eastern states as well. Over half of the confirmed cases have been reported from areas outside the Four Corners area. The mean age of confirmed HPS cases is 38 years (range: 5 to 84 years).[1]

Epidemiology

Incidence

  • Total number of HPS cases reported in the United States from 2004-2015 is 323.
  • Total number of HPS cases reported in the United States from 1993-2003 is 336.[2]
  • The annual incidence of HPS in Europe is 3,000 per 100,000 persons.
Source: Centers for disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov

Case fatality rate

The case-mortality rate of Hantavirus infection is approximately 50% worldwide.[3]

Demographics

Age

The mean age of confirmed HPS cases is 38 years (range: 5 to 84 years).[1]

Gender

Men and women are affected equally by hantavirus infection but of persons ill with hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, 63% have been male, 37% female.

Race

There is no racial predilection for hantavirus infection. However, Whites currently account for 78% of all cases. American Indians account for about 18% of cases, African Americans for 1% of cases, and Asians for 1% of cases. Of cases with known ethnicity, 19% of HPS cases have been reported among Hispanics (ethnicity considered separately from race).

Geographic distrubution

  • Of total 659 HPS cases reported in the United States, 96% occurred in states west of the Mississippi River.
  • HPS cases have been reported in 30 states, including most of the western half of the country and some eastern states as well. Over half of the confirmed cases have been reported from areas outside the Four Corners area.
  • About three-quarters of patients with HPS have been residents of rural areas.
Source: Centers for disease Control and Prevention www.cdc.gov

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 "Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Cases, by State of Exposure | Hantavirus | DHCPP | CDC".
  2. "Annual U.S. HPS Cases and Case-Fatality, 1993-2015 | Hantavirus | DHCPP | CDC".
  3. Jiang H, Zheng X, Wang L, Du H, Wang P, Bai X (2017). "Hantavirus infection: a global zoonotic challenge". Virol Sin. 32 (1): 32–43. doi:10.1007/s12250-016-3899-x. PMID 28120221.

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