Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase

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gamma-glutamyltransferase 1
Identifiers
SymbolGGT1
Alt. symbolsGGT
Entrez2678
HUGO4250
OMIM231950
RefSeqNM_001032364
UniProtP19440
Other data
EC number2.3.2.2
LocusChr. 22 q11.1-11.2
gamma-glutamyltransferase 2
Identifiers
SymbolGGT2
Alt. symbolsGGT
Entrez2679
HUGO4251
OMIM137181
RefSeqNM_002058
UniProtP36268
Other data
EC number2.3.2.2
LocusChr. 22 q11.1-11.2
gamma-glutamyltransferase 3
Identifiers
SymbolGGT3
Entrez2680
HUGO4252
Other data
EC number2.3.2.2
LocusChr. 22 [1]

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]


Synonyms or Keywords: GGT; GGTP; gamma-GT; gamma-glutamyl transferase

Overview

Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT or GGTP, or Gamma-GT) (EC 2.3.2.2) is primarily a liver enzyme.

Function

It is involved in the transfer of amino acids across the cellular membrane. It is also involved in glutathione metabolism by transferring the glutamyl moiety to a variety of acceptor molecules including water, certain L-amino acids and peptides. Leaving the cysteine product to preserve intracellular homeostasis of oxidative stress. [1][2]

Reference Range
Women < 18 U/l
Men < 28 U/l
Children Under 12 Months < 91 U/l

Location

GGT is found on the cell surface on all cells, with particularly high concentrations in the liver, bile ducts, and kidney.

The enzyme is also present in other tissues, such as the epididymis.

Clinical significance

Its level in the blood may be tested for, as an elevated level may indicate an abnormality in the liver, though this can be caused by a number of conditions including:

Its levels are increased in chronic and acute alcohol abuse.

Differential Diagnosis

In alphabetical order. [3] [4]

Increased

References

  1. Nihon Arukoru Yakubutsu Igakkai Zasshi. 2007 Jun;42(3):110-24
  2. Schulman JD et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Jul 8;65(1):68-74
  3. Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
  4. Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X

Additional Resources

Acknowledgements

The content on this page was first contributed by Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [3]

List of contributors:


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