Endocardial cushion defect natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].
If left untreated, majority of patients with endocardial cushion defect may progress to develop life threatening conditions. Common complications of endocardial cushion defect include [[Dilatation of the heart|dilatation of heart]],  [[pulmonary hypertension]], [[respiratory tract infections]] , and [[heart failure]]. Surgical mortality rate of patients with partial endocardial cushion defect is approximately 0.6%. For complete cushion defect the surgical mortality rate is 2.5-9%. Prognosis of endocardial cushion defect is generally good with treatment. However, some children might develop valvular and rhythm disorders after surgical correction.


OR
== Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis ==


Common complications of [disease name] include [complication 1], [complication 2], and [complication 3].
===Natural History===
 
OR
 
Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [#]%.
==Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis==


===Natural History===
*If left untreated, majority of patients with endocardial cushion defect may progress to develop life threatening [[heart failure]] and [[pulmonary hypertension]] due to excessive pulmonary blood flow.
*The symptoms of (disease name) usually develop in the first/ second/ third decade of life, and start with symptoms such as ___.
*The symptoms of (disease name) typically develop ___ years after exposure to ___.
*If left untreated, [#]% of patients with [disease name] may progress to develop [manifestation 1], [manifestation 2], and [manifestation 3].


===Complications===
===Complications===
*Common complications of [disease name] include:
*Common complications of endocardial cushion defect include:<ref name="pmid12727016">{{cite journal |vauthors=Gowda RM, Ansari AW, Khan IA |title=Complete endocardial cushion defect (complete atrioventricular canal) manifested in adult life by Streptococcus mitis endocarditis of the common atrioventricular valve |journal=Int. J. Cardiol. |volume=89 |issue=1 |pages=109–10 |date=May 2003 |pmid=12727016 |doi=10.1016/s0167-5273(02)00459-x |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid19960047">{{cite journal |vauthors=Yıldırım G, Gungorduk K, Yazıcıoğlu F, Gul A, Cakar F, Celikkol O, Ceylan Y |title=Prenatal diagnosis of complete atrioventricular septal defect: perinatal and neonatal outcomes |journal=Obstet Gynecol Int |volume=2009 |issue= |pages=958496 |date=2009 |pmid=19960047 |pmc=2778174 |doi=10.1155/2009/958496 |url=}}</ref>
**[Complication 1]
**[[Dilatation of the heart|Dilatation of heart]]
**[Complication 2]
** [[Pulmonary hypertension]]
**[Complication 3]
** [[Respiratory tract infections]]
** [[Heart failure]]


===Prognosis===
===Prognosis===
*Prognosis is generally excellent/good/poor, and the 1/5/10-year mortality/survival rate of patients with [disease name] is approximately [--]%.
*Prognosis of endocardial cushion defect is generally good with treatment. However, some children might develop valvular and rhythm disorders after surgical correction.<ref name="pmid17646766">{{cite journal |vauthors=Maltret A, Moura C, Le Bidois J, Fermont L, Bajolle F, Stos B, Azancot A, Bonnet D |title=[Prognosis of atrioventricular canal in euploid foetus without abnormality of atrial situs] |language=French |journal=Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss |volume=100 |issue=5 |pages=411–5 |date=May 2007 |pmid=17646766 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*Depending on the extent of the [tumor/disease progression] at the time of diagnosis, the prognosis may vary. However, the prognosis is generally regarded as poor/good/excellent.
*Prognositic factors include:
*The presence of [characteristic of disease] is associated with a particularly [good/poor] prognosis among patients with [disease/malignancy].
**Degree of preoperative pulmonary vascular disease
*[Subtype of disease/malignancy] is associated with the most favorable prognosis.
**Amount of residual AV valve regurgitation
*The prognosis varies with the [characteristic] of tumor; [subtype of disease/malignancy] have the most favorable prognosis.
*Protected pulmonary vascular bed with mild AV regurtiation is associated with good outcome, while the contrary holds the bad prognosis.
*Surgical mortality rate of patients with partial endocardial cushion defect is approximately 0.6%. For complete cushion defect the surgical mortality rate is 2.5-9%


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 03:01, 27 April 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Ganti M.B.B.S. [2]

Overview

If left untreated, majority of patients with endocardial cushion defect may progress to develop life threatening conditions. Common complications of endocardial cushion defect include dilatation of heart, pulmonary hypertension, respiratory tract infections , and heart failure. Surgical mortality rate of patients with partial endocardial cushion defect is approximately 0.6%. For complete cushion defect the surgical mortality rate is 2.5-9%. Prognosis of endocardial cushion defect is generally good with treatment. However, some children might develop valvular and rhythm disorders after surgical correction.

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis

Natural History

  • If left untreated, majority of patients with endocardial cushion defect may progress to develop life threatening heart failure and pulmonary hypertension due to excessive pulmonary blood flow.

Complications

Prognosis

  • Prognosis of endocardial cushion defect is generally good with treatment. However, some children might develop valvular and rhythm disorders after surgical correction.[3]
  • Prognositic factors include:
    • Degree of preoperative pulmonary vascular disease
    • Amount of residual AV valve regurgitation
  • Protected pulmonary vascular bed with mild AV regurtiation is associated with good outcome, while the contrary holds the bad prognosis.
  • Surgical mortality rate of patients with partial endocardial cushion defect is approximately 0.6%. For complete cushion defect the surgical mortality rate is 2.5-9%

References

  1. Gowda RM, Ansari AW, Khan IA (May 2003). "Complete endocardial cushion defect (complete atrioventricular canal) manifested in adult life by Streptococcus mitis endocarditis of the common atrioventricular valve". Int. J. Cardiol. 89 (1): 109–10. doi:10.1016/s0167-5273(02)00459-x. PMID 12727016.
  2. Yıldırım G, Gungorduk K, Yazıcıoğlu F, Gul A, Cakar F, Celikkol O, Ceylan Y (2009). "Prenatal diagnosis of complete atrioventricular septal defect: perinatal and neonatal outcomes". Obstet Gynecol Int. 2009: 958496. doi:10.1155/2009/958496. PMC 2778174. PMID 19960047.
  3. Maltret A, Moura C, Le Bidois J, Fermont L, Bajolle F, Stos B, Azancot A, Bonnet D (May 2007). "[Prognosis of atrioventricular canal in euploid foetus without abnormality of atrial situs]". Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss (in French). 100 (5): 411–5. PMID 17646766.

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