Elbasvir / grazoprevir: Difference between revisions

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**Elbasvir: No effects of elbasvir on growth and postnatal development were observed in nursing pups at up to the highest dose tested. Maternal systemic exposure (AUC) to elbasvir was approximately 10 times the exposure in humans at the RHD. Elbasvir was excreted into the milk of lactating rats following oral administration (1000 mg/kg/day) from gestation day 6 to lactation day 14, with milk concentrations approximately 4 times that of maternal plasma concentrations observed 2 hours post-dose on lactation day 14.
**Elbasvir: No effects of elbasvir on growth and postnatal development were observed in nursing pups at up to the highest dose tested. Maternal systemic exposure (AUC) to elbasvir was approximately 10 times the exposure in humans at the RHD. Elbasvir was excreted into the milk of lactating rats following oral administration (1000 mg/kg/day) from gestation day 6 to lactation day 14, with milk concentrations approximately 4 times that of maternal plasma concentrations observed 2 hours post-dose on lactation day 14.
**Grazoprevir: No effects of grazoprevir on growth and postnatal development were observed in nursing pups at up to the highest dose tested. Maternal systemic exposure (AUC) to grazoprevir was approximately 78 times the exposure in humans at the RHD. Grazoprevir was excreted into the milk of lactating rats following oral administration (up to 400 mg/kg/day) from gestation day 6 to lactation day 14, with milk concentrations of 54 and 87% that of maternal plasma concentrations observed 2 and 8 hours post-dose, respectively, on lactation day 14.
**Grazoprevir: No effects of grazoprevir on growth and postnatal development were observed in nursing pups at up to the highest dose tested. Maternal systemic exposure (AUC) to grazoprevir was approximately 78 times the exposure in humans at the RHD. Grazoprevir was excreted into the milk of lactating rats following oral administration (up to 400 mg/kg/day) from gestation day 6 to lactation day 14, with milk concentrations of 54 and 87% that of maternal plasma concentrations observed 2 and 8 hours post-dose, respectively, on lactation day 14.
|useInPed=Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established in pediatric patients less than 18 years of age.
|useInGeri=Clinical trials of ZEPATIER with or without ribavirin included 187 subjects aged 65 years and over. Higher elbasvir and grazoprevir plasma concentrations were observed in subjects aged 65 years and over. A higher rate of late ALT elevations was observed in subjects aged 65 years and over in clinical trials. However, no dosage adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended in geriatric patients.
|useInGender=Higher elbasvir and grazoprevir plasma concentrations were observed in females compared to males. Females experienced a higher rate of late ALT elevations in clinical trials. However, no dose adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended based on gender.
|useInRace=Higher elbasvir and grazoprevir plasma concentrations were observed in Asians compared to Caucasians. Asians experienced a higher rate of late ALT elevations in clinical trials. However, no dose adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended based on race/ethnicity.
|useInRenalImpair=No dosage adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended in patients with any degree of renal impairment including patients receiving hemodialysis. Administer ZEPATIER with or without ribavirin according to recommendations in TABLE 1. Refer to the prescribing information for ribavirin tablets for renal dosage adjustment of ribavirin in patients with CrCl less than or equal to 50 mL per minute.
|useInHepaticImpair=No dosage adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A). ZEPATIER is contraindicated in patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B) due to the lack of clinical safety and efficacy experience in HCV-infected Child-Pugh B patients, and in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C) due to a 12-fold increase in grazoprevir exposure in non-HCV infected Child-Pugh C subjects.
The safety and efficacy of ZEPATIER have not been established in patients awaiting liver transplant or in liver transplant recipients.
|useInReproPotential=If ZEPATIER is administered with ribavirin, the information for ribavirin with regard to pregnancy testing, contraception, and infertility also applies to this combination regimen. Refer to ribavirin prescribing information for additional information.
|alcohol=Alcohol-Elbasvir and grazoprevir interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.
|alcohol=Alcohol-Elbasvir and grazoprevir interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.
}}
}}

Revision as of 19:35, 20 July 2017

Elbasvir / grazoprevir
Black Box Warning
Adult Indications & Dosage
Pediatric Indications & Dosage
Contraindications
Warnings & Precautions
Adverse Reactions
Drug Interactions
Use in Specific Populations
Administration & Monitoring
Overdosage
Pharmacology
Clinical Studies
How Supplied
Images
Patient Counseling Information
Precautions with Alcohol
Brand Names
Look-Alike Names

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: AKT

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Black Box Warning

TITLE RISK OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS REACTIVATION IN PATIENTS COINFECTED WITH HCV AND HBV
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
Condition Name: Test all patients for evidence of current or prior hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection before initiating treatment with ZEPATIER. HBV reactivation has been reported in HCV/HBV coinfected patients who were undergoing or had completed treatment with HCV direct acting antivirals and were not receiving HBV antiviral therapy. Some cases have resulted in fulminant hepatitis, hepatic failure, and death. Monitor HCV/HBV coinfected patients for hepatitis flare or HBV reactivation during HCV treatment and post-treatment follow-up. Initiate appropriate patient management for HBV infection as clinically indicated.

Overview

Elbasvir / grazoprevir is a combination of a hepatitis C virus NS5A inhibitor and a Hepatitis C virus NS3/4A protease inhibitor that is FDA approved for the treatment of chronic HCV genotype 1 or 4 infection in adults. There is a Black Box Warning for this drug as shown here. Common adverse reactions include {{{adverseReactions}}}.

Adult Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Adult)

ZEPATIER is indicated for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 or 4 infection in adults. ZEPATIER is indicated for use with ribavirin in certain patient populations. Dosing Information

  • ZEPATIER is a two-drug, fixed-dose combination product containing 50 mg of elbasvir and 100 mg of grazoprevir in a single tablet.
  • The recommended dosage of ZEPATIER is one tablet taken orally once daily with or without food. *ZEPATIER is used in combination with ribavirin in certain patient populations (see TABLE 1). When administered with ZEPATIER, the recommended dosage of ribavirin in patients without renal impairment is weight-based administered in two divided doses with food. For further information on ribavirin dosing and dosage modifications, refer to the ribavirin prescribing information.
  • Treatment Regimen and Duration of Therapy
    • Relapse rates are affected by baseline host and viral factors and differ between treatment regimens and durations for certain subgroups
    • TABLE 1 below provides the recommended ZEPATIER treatment regimen and duration based on the patient population and genotype in HCV mono-infected and HCV/HIV-1 co-infected patients with or without cirrhosis and with or without renal impairment including patients receiving hemodialysis.

TABLE 1

  • Renal Impairment
    • No dosage adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended in patients with any degree of renal impairment including patients on hemodialysis. Administer ZEPATIER with or without ribavirin according to the recommendations in TABLE 1. Refer to the ribavirin tablet prescribing information for the correct ribavirin dosage for patients with CrCl less than or equal to 50 mL per minute.
  • Hepatic Impairment
    • No dosage adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A). ZEPATIER is contraindicated in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C)

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Adult)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Elbasvir and grazoprevir in adult patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Elbasvir and grazoprevir in adult patients.

Pediatric Indications and Dosage

FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric)

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir FDA-Labeled Indications and Dosage (Pediatric) in the drug label.

Off-Label Use and Dosage (Pediatric)

Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Guideline-Supported Use of Elbasvir and grazoprevir in pediatric patients.

Non–Guideline-Supported Use

There is limited information regarding Off-Label Non–Guideline-Supported Use of Elbasvir and grazoprevir in pediatric patients.

Contraindications

  • ZEPATIER is contraindicated in patients with moderate or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C) due to the expected significantly increased grazoprevir plasma concentration and the increased risk of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations.
  • ZEPATIER is contraindicated with inhibitors of organic anion transporting polypeptides 1B1/3 (OATP1B1/3) that are known or expected to significantly increase grazoprevir plasma concentrations, strong inducers of cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A), and efavirenz.
  • If ZEPATIER is administered with ribavirin, the contraindications to ribavirin also apply to this combination regimen. Refer to the ribavirin prescribing information for a list of contraindications for ribavirin.

TABLE 2

Warnings

TITLE RISK OF HEPATITIS B VIRUS REACTIVATION IN PATIENTS COINFECTED WITH HCV AND HBV
See full prescribing information for complete Boxed Warning.
Condition Name: Test all patients for evidence of current or prior hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection before initiating treatment with ZEPATIER. HBV reactivation has been reported in HCV/HBV coinfected patients who were undergoing or had completed treatment with HCV direct acting antivirals and were not receiving HBV antiviral therapy. Some cases have resulted in fulminant hepatitis, hepatic failure, and death. Monitor HCV/HBV coinfected patients for hepatitis flare or HBV reactivation during HCV treatment and post-treatment follow-up. Initiate appropriate patient management for HBV infection as clinically indicated.
  • Risk of Hepatitis B Virus Reactivation in Patients Coinfected with HCV and HBV
    • Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation has been reported in HCV/HBV coinfected patients who were undergoing or had completed treatment with HCV direct acting antivirals, and who were not receiving HBV antiviral therapy. Some cases have resulted in fulminant hepatitis, hepatic failure and death. Cases have been reported in patients who are HBsAg positive and also in patients with serologic evidence of resolved HBV infection (i.e., HBsAg negative and anti-HBc positive). HBV reactivation has also been reported in patients receiving certain immunosuppressant or chemotherapeutic agents; the risk of HBV reactivation associated with treatment with HCV direct-acting antivirals may be increased in these patients.
    • HBV reactivation is characterized as an abrupt increase in HBV replication manifesting as a rapid increase in serum HBV DNA level. In patients with resolved HBV infection reappearance of HBsAg can occur. Reactivation of HBV replication may be accompanied by hepatitis, i.e., increases in aminotransferase levels and, in severe cases, increases in bilirubin levels, liver failure, and death can occur.
    • Test all patients for evidence of current or prior HBV infection by measuring HBsAg and anti-HBc before initiating HCV treatment with ZEPATIER. In patients with serologic evidence of HBV infection, monitor for clinical and laboratory signs of hepatitis flare or HBV reactivation during HCV treatment with ZEPATIER and during post-treatment follow-up. Initiate appropriate patient management for HBV infection as clinically indicated.
  • Increased Risk of ALT Elevations
    • During clinical trials with ZEPATIER with or without ribavirin, 1% of subjects experienced elevations of ALT from normal levels to greater than 5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), generally at or after treatment week 8. ALT elevations were typically asymptomatic and most resolved with ongoing or completion of therapy. Higher rates of late ALT elevations occurred in the following subpopulations: female sex (2% [10/608]), Asian race (2% [4/164]), and age 65 years or older (2% [3/177])
    • Hepatic laboratory testing should be performed prior to therapy, at treatment week 8, and as clinically indicated. For patients receiving 16 weeks of therapy, additional hepatic laboratory testing should be performed at treatment week 12.
    • Patients should be instructed to consult their healthcare professional without delay if they have onset of fatigue, weakness, lack of appetite, nausea and vomiting, jaundice, or discolored feces.
    • Consider discontinuing ZEPATIER if ALT levels remain persistently greater than 10 times the ULN.
    • Discontinue ZEPATIER if ALT elevation is accompanied by signs or symptoms of liver inflammation or increasing conjugated bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, or INR.
  • Risks Associated with Ribavirin Combination Treatment
    • If ZEPATIER is administered with ribavirin, the warnings and precautions for ribavirin, including the pregnancy avoidance warning, also apply to this combination regimen. Refer to the ribavirin prescribing information for a full list of warnings and precautions for ribavirin
  • Risk of Adverse Reactions or Reduced Therapeutic Effect Due to Drug Interactions
    • The concomitant use of ZEPATIER and certain drugs may result in known or potentially significant drug interactions, some of which may lead to:
      • Possible clinically significant adverse reactions from greater exposure of concomitant drugs or components of ZEPATIER.
      • Significant decrease of elbasvir and grazoprevir plasma concentrations which may lead to reduced therapeutic effect of ZEPATIER and possible development of resistance.
    • See TABLES 2 and 6 for steps to prevent or manage these known or potentially significant drug interactions, including dosing recommendations.

Adverse Reactions

Clinical Trials Experience

Because clinical trials are conducted under widely varying conditions, adverse reaction rates observed in the clinical trials of a drug cannot be directly compared to rates in the clinical trials of another drug and may not reflect the rates observed in practice. If ZEPATIER is administered with ribavirin, refer to the prescribing information for ribavirin for a description of ribavirin-associated adverse reactions. The safety of ZEPATIER was assessed based on 2 placebo-controlled trials and 7 uncontrolled Phase 2 and 3 clinical trials in approximately 1700 subjects with chronic hepatitis C virus infection with compensated liver disease (with or without cirrhosis)

  • Adverse Reactions with ZEPATIER in Treatment-Naïve Subjects
    • C-EDGE TN was a Phase 3 randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in 421 treatment-naïve (TN) subjects with HCV infection who received ZEPATIER or placebo one tablet once daily for 12 weeks. Adverse reactions (all intensity) occurring in C-EDGE TN in at least 5% of subjects treated with ZEPATIER for 12 weeks are presented in TABLE 3. In subjects treated with ZEPATIER who reported an adverse reaction, 73% had adverse reactions of mild severity. The type and severity of adverse reactions in subjects with compensated cirrhosis were comparable to those seen in subjects without cirrhosis. No subjects treated with ZEPATIER or placebo had serious adverse reactions. The proportion of subjects treated with ZEPATIER or placebo who permanently discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions was 1% in each group.

TABLE 3

    • C-EDGE COINFECTION was a Phase 3 open-label trial in 218 treatment-naïve HCV/HIV co-infected subjects who received ZEPATIER one tablet once daily for 12 weeks. Adverse reactions (all intensity) reported in C-EDGE COINFECTION in at least 5% of subjects treated with ZEPATIER for 12 weeks were fatigue (7%), headache (7%), nausea (5%), insomnia (5%), and diarrhea (5%). No subjects reported serious adverse reactions or discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions. No subjects switched their antiretroviral therapy regimen due to loss of plasma HIV-1 RNA suppression. Median increase in CD4+ T-cell counts of 31 cells per mm3 was observed at the end of 12 weeks of treatment.
  • Adverse Reactions with ZEPATIER with or without Ribavirin in Treatment-Experienced Subjects
    • C-EDGE TE was a Phase 3 randomized, open-label trial in treatment-experienced (TE) subjects. Adverse reactions of moderate or severe intensity reported in C-EDGE TE in at least 2% of subjects treated with ZEPATIER one tablet once daily for 12 weeks or ZEPATIER one tablet once daily with ribavirin for 16 weeks are presented in TABLE 4. No subjects treated with ZEPATIER without ribavirin for 12 weeks reported serious adverse reactions or discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions. The proportion of subjects treated with ZEPATIER with ribavirin for 16 weeks with serious adverse reactions was 1%. The proportion of subjects treated with ZEPATIER with ribavirin for 16 weeks who permanently discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions was 3%. The type and severity of adverse reactions in subjects with cirrhosis were comparable to those seen in subjects without cirrhosis.

TABLE 4

    • The type and severity of adverse reactions with ZEPATIER with or without ribavirin in 10 treatment-experienced subjects with HCV/HIV co-infection were comparable to those reported in subjects without HIV co-infection. Median increase in CD4+ T-cell counts of 32 cells/mm3 was observed at the end of 12 weeks of treatment with ZEPATIER alone. In subjects treated with ZEPATIER with ribavirin for 16 weeks, CD4+ T-cell counts decreased a median of 135 cells per mm3 at the end of treatment. No subjects switched their antiretroviral therapy regimen due to loss of plasma HIV-1 RNA suppression. No subject experienced an AIDS-related opportunistic infection.
    • C-SALVAGE was a Phase 2 open-label trial in 79 PegIFN/RBV/PI-experienced subjects. Adverse reactions of moderate or severe intensity reported in C-SALVAGE in at least 2% of subjects treated with ZEPATIER once daily with ribavirin for 12 weeks were fatigue (3%) and insomnia (3%). No subjects reported serious adverse reactions or discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions.
  • Adverse Reactions with ZEPATIER in Subjects with Severe Renal Impairment including Subjects on Hemodialysis
    • The safety of elbasvir and grazoprevir in comparison to placebo in subjects with severe renal impairment (Stage 4 or Stage 5 chronic kidney disease, including subjects on hemodialysis) and chronic hepatitis C virus infection with compensated liver disease (with or without cirrhosis) was assessed in 235 subjects (C-SURFER). The adverse reactions (all intensity) occurring in at least 5% of subjects treated with ZEPATIER for 12 weeks are presented in TABLE 5. In subjects treated with ZEPATIER who reported an adverse reaction, 76% had adverse reactions of mild severity. The proportion of subjects treated with ZEPATIER or placebo with serious adverse reactions was less than 1% in each treatment arm, and less than 1% and 3% of subjects, respectively, permanently discontinued treatment due to adverse reactions in each treatment arm.

TABLE 5

  • Laboratory Abnormalities in Subjects Receiving ZEPATIER with or without Ribavirin
    • Serum ALT Elevations: During clinical trials with ZEPATIER with or without ribavirin, regardless of treatment duration, 1% (12/1599) of subjects experienced elevations of ALT from normal levels to greater than 5 times the ULN, generally at or after treatment week 8 (mean onset time 10 weeks, range 6-12 weeks). These late ALT elevations were typically asymptomatic. Most late ALT elevations resolved with ongoing therapy with ZEPATIER or after completion of therapy. The frequency of late ALT elevations was higher in subjects with higher grazoprevir plasma concentrations. The incidence of late ALT elevations was not affected by treatment duration. Cirrhosis was not a risk factor for late ALT elevations.
    • Serum Bilirubin Elevations: During clinical trials with ZEPATIER with or without ribavirin, regardless of treatment duration, elevations in bilirubin at greater than 2.5 times ULN were observed in 6% of subjects receiving ZEPATIER with ribavirin compared to less than 1% in those receiving ZEPATIER alone. These bilirubin increases were predominately indirect and generally observed in association with ribavirin co-administration. Bilirubin elevations were typically not associated with serum ALT elevations.
    • Decreased Hemoglobin: During clinical trials with ZEPATIER with or without ribavirin, the mean change from baseline in hemoglobin levels in subjects treated with ZEPATIER for 12 weeks was –0.3 g per dL and with ZEPATIER with ribavirin for 16 weeks was approximately –2.2 g per dL. Hemoglobin declined during the first 8 weeks of treatment, remained low during the remainder of treatment, and normalized to baseline levels during follow-up. Less than 1% of subjects treated with ZEPATIER with ribavirin had hemoglobin levels decrease to less than 8.5 g per dL during treatment. No subjects treated with ZEPATIER alone had a hemoglobin level less than 8.5 g per dL.

Postmarketing Experience

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Postmarketing Experience in the drug label.

Drug Interactions

  • Potential for Drug Interactions
    • Grazoprevir is a substrate of OATP1B1/3 transporters. Co-administration of ZEPATIER with OATP1B1/3 inhibitors that are known or expected to significantly increase grazoprevir plasma concentrations is contraindicated.
    • Elbasvir and grazoprevir are substrates of CYP3A and P-gp, but the role of intestinal P-gp in the absorption of elbasvir and grazoprevir appears to be minimal. Co-administration of moderate or strong inducers of CYP3A with ZEPATIER may decrease elbasvir and grazoprevir plasma concentrations, leading to reduced therapeutic effect of ZEPATIER. Co-administration of ZEPATIER with strong CYP3A inducers or efavirenz is contraindicated, and TABLE 2. Co-administration of ZEPATIER with moderate CYP3A inducers is not recommended, and TABLE 6. Co-administration of ZEPATIER with strong CYP3A inhibitors may increase elbasvir and grazoprevir concentrations. Co-administration of ZEPATIER with certain strong CYP3A inhibitors is not recommended.
  • Established and other Potentially Significant Drug Interactions
    • If dose adjustments of concomitant medications are made due to treatment with ZEPATIER, doses should be readjusted after administration of ZEPATIER is completed.
    • TABLE 6 provides a listing of established or potentially clinically significant drug interactions. The drug interactions described are based on studies conducted with either ZEPATIER, the components of ZEPATIER (elbasvir [EBR] and grazoprevir [GZR]) as individual agents, or are predicted drug interactions that may occur with ZEPATIER.

TABLE 6

  • Drugs without Clinically Significant Interactions with ZEPATIER
    • The interaction between the components of ZEPATIER (elbasvir or grazoprevir) or ZEPATIER and the following drugs were evaluated in clinical studies, and no dose adjustments are needed when ZEPATIER is used with the following drugs individually: acid reducing agents (proton pump inhibitors, H2 blockers, antacids), buprenorphine/naloxone, digoxin, dolutegravir, methadone, mycophenolate mofetil, oral contraceptive pills, phosphate binders, pitavastatin, pravastatin, prednisone, raltegravir, ribavirin, rilpivirine, tenofovir disoproxil fumarate, and sofosbuvir.
    • No clinically relevant drug-drug interaction is expected when ZEPATIER is co-administered with abacavir, emtricitabine, entecavir, and lamivudine.

Use in Specific Populations

Pregnancy

Pregnancy Category (FDA):

  • Risk Summary
    • No adequate human data are available to establish whether or not ZEPATIER poses a risk to pregnancy outcomes. In animal reproduction studies, no evidence of adverse developmental outcomes was observed with the components of ZEPATIER (elbasvir or grazoprevir) at exposures greater than those in humans at the recommended human dose (RHD) [see DATA in (8.1)]. During organogenesis in the rat and rabbit, systemic exposures (AUC) were approximately 10 and 18 times (for elbasvir) and 117 and 41 times (for grazoprevir), respectively, the exposure in humans at the RHD. In rat pre/postnatal developmental studies, maternal systemic exposures (AUC) to elbasvir and grazoprevir were approximately 10 and 78 times, respectively, the exposure in humans at the RHD.
    • The background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage for the indicated population is unknown. In the U.S. general population, the estimated background risk of major birth defects and miscarriage in clinically recognized pregnancies is 2-4% and 15-20%, respectively.
    • If ZEPATIER is administered with ribavirin, the combination regimen is contraindicated in pregnant women and in men whose female partners are pregnant. Refer to the ribavirin prescribing information for more information on use in pregnancy.
  • Data
    • Animal data
      • Elbasvir: Elbasvir was administered orally at up to 1000 mg/kg/day to pregnant rats and rabbits on gestation days 6 to 20 and 7 to 20, respectively, and also to rats on gestation day 6 to lactation/post-partum day 20. No effects on embryo-fetal (rats and rabbits) or pre/postnatal (rats) development were observed at up to the highest dose tested. Systemic exposures (AUC) to elbasvir were approximately 10 (rats) and 18 (rabbits) times the exposure in humans at the RHD. In both species, elbasvir has been shown to cross the placenta, with fetal plasma concentrations of up to 0.8% (rabbits) and 2.2% (rats) that of maternal concentrations observed on gestation day 20.
      • Grazoprevir: Grazoprevir was administered to pregnant rats (oral doses up to 400 mg/kg/day) and rabbits (intravenous doses up to 100 mg/kg/day) on gestation days 6 to 20 and 7 to 20, respectively, and also to rats (oral doses up to 400 mg/kg/day) on gestation day 6 to lactation/post-partum day 20. No effects on embryo-fetal (rats and rabbits) or pre/postnatal (rats) development were observed at up to the highest dose tested. Systemic exposures (AUC) to grazoprevir were ≥78 (rats) and 41 (rabbits) times the exposure in humans at the RHD. In both species, grazoprevir has been shown to cross the placenta, with fetal plasma concentrations of up to 7% (rabbits) and 89% (rats) that of maternal concentrations observed on gestation day 20.


Pregnancy Category (AUS): There is no Australian Drug Evaluation Committee (ADEC) guidance on usage of Elbasvir / grazoprevir in women who are pregnant.

Labor and Delivery

There is no FDA guidance on use of Elbasvir / grazoprevir during labor and delivery.

Nursing Mothers

  • Risk Summary
    • It is not known whether ZEPATIER is present in human breast milk, affects human milk production, or has effects on the breastfed infant. When administered to lactating rats, the components of ZEPATIER (elbasvir and grazoprevir) were present in milk, without effects on growth and development observed in nursing pups.
    • The developmental and health benefits of breastfeeding should be considered along with the mother's clinical need for ZEPATIER and any potential adverse effects on the breastfed child from ZEPATIER or from the underlying maternal condition.
    • If ZEPATIER is administered with ribavirin, the information for ribavirin with regard to nursing mothers also applies to this combination regimen. Refer to the ribavirin prescribing information for information on use during lactation.
  • Data
    • Elbasvir: No effects of elbasvir on growth and postnatal development were observed in nursing pups at up to the highest dose tested. Maternal systemic exposure (AUC) to elbasvir was approximately 10 times the exposure in humans at the RHD. Elbasvir was excreted into the milk of lactating rats following oral administration (1000 mg/kg/day) from gestation day 6 to lactation day 14, with milk concentrations approximately 4 times that of maternal plasma concentrations observed 2 hours post-dose on lactation day 14.
    • Grazoprevir: No effects of grazoprevir on growth and postnatal development were observed in nursing pups at up to the highest dose tested. Maternal systemic exposure (AUC) to grazoprevir was approximately 78 times the exposure in humans at the RHD. Grazoprevir was excreted into the milk of lactating rats following oral administration (up to 400 mg/kg/day) from gestation day 6 to lactation day 14, with milk concentrations of 54 and 87% that of maternal plasma concentrations observed 2 and 8 hours post-dose, respectively, on lactation day 14.

Pediatric Use

Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established in pediatric patients less than 18 years of age.

Geriatic Use

Clinical trials of ZEPATIER with or without ribavirin included 187 subjects aged 65 years and over. Higher elbasvir and grazoprevir plasma concentrations were observed in subjects aged 65 years and over. A higher rate of late ALT elevations was observed in subjects aged 65 years and over in clinical trials. However, no dosage adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended in geriatric patients.

Gender

Higher elbasvir and grazoprevir plasma concentrations were observed in females compared to males. Females experienced a higher rate of late ALT elevations in clinical trials. However, no dose adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended based on gender.

Race

Higher elbasvir and grazoprevir plasma concentrations were observed in Asians compared to Caucasians. Asians experienced a higher rate of late ALT elevations in clinical trials. However, no dose adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended based on race/ethnicity.

Renal Impairment

No dosage adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended in patients with any degree of renal impairment including patients receiving hemodialysis. Administer ZEPATIER with or without ribavirin according to recommendations in TABLE 1. Refer to the prescribing information for ribavirin tablets for renal dosage adjustment of ribavirin in patients with CrCl less than or equal to 50 mL per minute.

Hepatic Impairment

No dosage adjustment of ZEPATIER is recommended in patients with mild hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh A). ZEPATIER is contraindicated in patients with moderate hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B) due to the lack of clinical safety and efficacy experience in HCV-infected Child-Pugh B patients, and in patients with severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh C) due to a 12-fold increase in grazoprevir exposure in non-HCV infected Child-Pugh C subjects. The safety and efficacy of ZEPATIER have not been established in patients awaiting liver transplant or in liver transplant recipients.

Females of Reproductive Potential and Males

If ZEPATIER is administered with ribavirin, the information for ribavirin with regard to pregnancy testing, contraception, and infertility also applies to this combination regimen. Refer to ribavirin prescribing information for additional information.

Immunocompromised Patients

There is no FDA guidance one the use of Elbasvir / grazoprevir in patients who are immunocompromised.

Administration and Monitoring

Administration

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Administration in the drug label.

Monitoring

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Monitoring in the drug label.

IV Compatibility

There is limited information regarding the compatibility of Elbasvir / grazoprevir and IV administrations.

Overdosage

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir overdosage. If you suspect drug poisoning or overdose, please contact the National Poison Help hotline (1-800-222-1222) immediately.

Pharmacology

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Pharmacology in the drug label.

Mechanism of Action

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Mechanism of Action in the drug label.

Structure

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Structure in the drug label.

Pharmacodynamics

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Pharmacodynamics in the drug label.

Pharmacokinetics

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Pharmacokinetics in the drug label.

Nonclinical Toxicology

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Nonclinical Toxicology in the drug label.

Clinical Studies

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Clinical Studies in the drug label.

How Supplied

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir How Supplied in the drug label.

Storage

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Storage in the drug label.

Images

Drug Images

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Package and Label Display Panel

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Patient Counseling Information

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Patient Counseling Information in the drug label.

Precautions with Alcohol

Alcohol-Elbasvir and grazoprevir interaction has not been established. Talk to your doctor about the effects of taking alcohol with this medication.

Brand Names

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Brand Names in the drug label.

Look-Alike Drug Names

There is limited information regarding Elbasvir / grazoprevir Look-Alike Drug Names in the drug label.

Drug Shortage Status

Price

References

The contents of this FDA label are provided by the National Library of Medicine.