Duchenne muscular dystrophy classification: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
There is no established system for the classification of [disease name].
There is no established system for the classification of Duchenne [[muscular dystrophy]] but according to the Functional Classification System for DMD (AFCSD), there are 5 stages of Duchenne [[muscular dystrophy]] based on the gross motor function.
 
OR
 
[Disease name] may be classified according to [classification method] into [number] subtypes/groups: [group1], [group2], [group3], and [group4].
 
OR
 
[Disease name] may be classified into [large number > 6] subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3].
[Disease name] may be classified into several subtypes based on [classification method 1], [classification method 2], and [classification method 3].
 
OR
 
Based on the duration of symptoms, [disease name] may be classified as either acute or chronic.
 
OR
 
If the staging system involves specific and characteristic findings and features:
According to the [staging system + reference], there are [number] stages of [malignancy name] based on the [finding1], [finding2], and [finding3]. Each stage is assigned a [letter/number1] and a [letter/number2] that designate the [feature1] and [feature2].
 
OR
 
The staging of [malignancy name] is based on the [staging system].
 
OR
 
There is no established system for the staging of [malignancy name].


==Classification==
==Classification==
 
There is no established system for the classification of Duchenne [[muscular dystrophy]] but according to the Functional Classification System for DMD (AFCSD), there are 5 stages of Duchenne [[muscular dystrophy]] based on the gross motor function.<ref name="KimJung2018">{{cite journal|last1=Kim|first1=Jungyoon|last2=Jung|first2=Il-Young|last3=Kim|first3=Sang Jun|last4=Lee|first4=Joong-Yub|last5=Park|first5=Sue Kyung|last6=Shin|first6=Hyung-Ik|last7=Bang|first7=Moon Suk|title=A New Functional Scale and Ambulatory Functional Classification of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Scale Development and Preliminary Analyses of Reliability and Validity|journal=Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine|volume=42|issue=5|year=2018|pages=690–701|issn=2234-0645|doi=10.5535/arm.2018.42.5.690}}</ref>
According to the [staging system + reference], there are [number] stages of [malignancy name] based on the [finding1], [finding2], and [finding3]. Each stage is assigned a [letter/number1] and a [letter/number2] that designate the [feature1] and [feature2].


{|
{|
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Subtypes
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Stages
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Explanation
! style="background: #4479BA; color: #FFFFFF; text-align: center;" |Explanation
|-
|-
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Stage 1 
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
* Walks normally without any help
|-
|-
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Stage 2
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
* Impaired posture ([[Lordosis MRI|lordosis]]), Impaired [[gait]] (tip-toeing or waddling), still doesn't need any assistive device and walks independently
|-
|-
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Stage 3
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
* Can only walk short distances with walker or crutch
|-
|-
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Stage 4
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
* Unable to walk but they can use powered mobility devices
|-
|-
!
! style="background: #DCDCDC; text-align: center;" |Stage5
!
| style="background: #F5F5F5;" |
* unable to walk, unable to use powered devices
|}
|}
==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 13:57, 8 May 2019

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Overview

There is no established system for the classification of Duchenne muscular dystrophy but according to the Functional Classification System for DMD (AFCSD), there are 5 stages of Duchenne muscular dystrophy based on the gross motor function.

Classification

There is no established system for the classification of Duchenne muscular dystrophy but according to the Functional Classification System for DMD (AFCSD), there are 5 stages of Duchenne muscular dystrophy based on the gross motor function.[1]

Stages Explanation
Stage 1
  • Walks normally without any help
Stage 2
  • Impaired posture (lordosis), Impaired gait (tip-toeing or waddling), still doesn't need any assistive device and walks independently
Stage 3
  • Can only walk short distances with walker or crutch
Stage 4
  • Unable to walk but they can use powered mobility devices
Stage5
  • unable to walk, unable to use powered devices

References

  1. ↑ Kim, Jungyoon; Jung, Il-Young; Kim, Sang Jun; Lee, Joong-Yub; Park, Sue Kyung; Shin, Hyung-Ik; Bang, Moon Suk (2018). "A New Functional Scale and Ambulatory Functional Classification of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Scale Development and Preliminary Analyses of Reliability and Validity". Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine. 42 (5): 690–701. doi:10.5535/arm.2018.42.5.690. ISSN 2234-0645.

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