Drug allergy physical examination

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Charmaine Patel, M.D. [2]

Drug Allergy

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Differentiating Drug allergy from other Diseases

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History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

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Overview

Findings on physical examination will vary widely in drug allergy, depending on the specific manifestation of the type of drug allergy (Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis), and the severity of the allergic reaction. A full, comprehensive physical examination should be performed to distinguish drug allergy from any other causes and conditions, and particular attention should be given to the respiratory and cardiovascular systems to quickly recognize impending life-threatening reactions.

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

This will vary depending on the severity of the reaction. Patient may be uncomfortable, itchy, or may just have a very localized area of redness. They may have a rash or lesions that are visible on first glance, and if they are experiencing bronchospasm or angioedema, they may be visibly short of breath. They may also appear fatigued, with redness of the skin and eyes.

Vitals

Temperature

Pulse

Rate
  • Tachycardia may be present in cases that develop into anaphylactic shock.
Rhythm
  • The pulse is regular
Strength
  • The pulse may be weak

Blood Pressure

  • Hypotension may be present in cases leading to anaphylactic shock

Respiratory Rate

Skin

Head

Eyes

Throat

Neck

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