Disseminated intravascular coagulation causes
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Causes
There are a variety of causes of DIC[1], all usually causing the release of chemicals into the blood that instigates the coagulation.
- Infections:
- Sepsis, particularly with gram-negative bacteria
- Viral
- Malaria
- Rickettsial
- Obstetric complications (most common cause), with chemicals from the uterus being released into the blood. These include:
- Amniotic fluid embolism
- Eclampsia
- Abruptio placentae
- Placenta praevia
- intra-uterine death
- Tissue trauma such as burns, accidents, surgery, heat stroke or shock.
- Liver disease:
- Incompatible blood transfusion reactions or massive blood transfusion (when more than the total circulatory volume is tranfused)
- Graft-versus-host disease
- Cancers, particularly of the following types, and especially when metastatic:
- Viral hemorrhagic fevers bring about their frank effects, paradoxically, by causing DIC.
- Envenomation by some species of venomous snakes, such as those belonging to the genus Echis (saw-scaled vipers).
Causes in Alphabetical Order
- Acute fatty liver of pregnancy
- Acute hepatic failure
- Acute myeloid leukemia
- Acute pancreatitis
- Acute promyelocytic leukemia
- Acute renal allograft rejection
- Amniotic fluid embolism
- Amphetamine
- Antiphospholipid syndrome
- Aortic aneurysm
- Argentine hemorrhagic fever
- Aspergillosis
- Blood transfusion and complications
- Bolivian Hemorrhagic Fever
- Burns
- Cancers of lung, pancreas, prostate and stomach
- Capnocytophaga canimorsus
- CMV
- Cocaine
- Crohn disease
- Crush syndrome
- Denver shunt
- Eclampsia
- Empyema
- Extensive surgery
- Giant hemangioma
- Head injury
- Heat stroke
- HELLP syndrome
- Hepatitis viruses
- Histoplasmosis
- Interleukin 2
- Intrauterine death
- Kasabach-Merritt syndrome
- LeVeen shunt
- Lightning strike
- Liver disease
- Macrophage activation syndrome
- Malaria (malignant tertian)
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- Malignant hypertension
- Meningococcal septicaemia
- Motor vehicle accidents
- Mucin-secreting adenocarcinoma
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- Myeloproliferative syndromes
- Myocardial infarction
- Neisseria meningiditis
- Neisseria meningitidis
- Osteomyelitis
- Paraneoplastic syndrome
- Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
- Peritoneovenous shunt
- Placental abruption
- Pre-eclampsia
- Prosthetic devices
- Purpura fulminans
- Raynaud disease
- Recent anesthesia
- Reperfusion after liver transplantation
- Retained intrauterine fetal demise
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Rocky mountain spotted fever
- Sarcoidosis
- Septic shock
- Serotonin syndrome
- Severe tissue injury
- Shock
- Sleeping sickness (East African)
- Snake bite
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Trousseau's syndrome
- Tuberculosis
- Typhoid fever
- Ulcerative colitis
- Vasculitis
- Ventricular assist devices
- Viral hemorrhagic fevers
- VZV
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References
- ↑ Ledingham, J (2000). Concise Oxford Textbook of Medicine. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-262870-4, Check
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