Differentiating Osteoporosis from other diseases: Difference between revisions
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==Differentiating osteoporosis from other diseases== | ==Differentiating osteoporosis from other diseases== | ||
* '''Idiopathic transient osteoporosis of hip''': primarily, it is thought to be seen most often in women during the third trimester of pregnancy; but it described also in middle aged men. Acute hip pain is the main characteristic of the disease; totally, self-limited after 6-8 months. Sometimes it may be explained as early or benign avascular necrosis (AVN). Sub-chondoral cortical loss and diffuse [[osteopenia]] of the femoral head and neck are the pathognomonic features. Treatment includes joint protection, limited weight bearing, and [[NSAID]]s. <ref name="pmid12812240">{{cite journal| author=Balakrishnan A, Schemitsch EH, Pearce D, McKee MD| title=Distinguishing transient osteoporosis of the hip from avascular necrosis. | journal=Can J Surg | year= 2003 | volume= 46 | issue= 3 | pages= 187-92 | pmid=12812240 | doi= | pmc=3211740 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12812240 }} </ref> | * '''Idiopathic transient osteoporosis of [[Hip (anatomy)|hip]]''': primarily, it is thought to be seen most often in women during the [[third trimester]] of [[pregnancy]]; but it described also in middle aged men. Acute [[hip]] pain is the main characteristic of the disease; totally, self-limited after 6-8 months. Sometimes it may be explained as early or benign [[avascular necrosis]] (AVN). Sub-chondoral cortical loss and diffuse [[osteopenia]] of the [[femoral]] head and neck are the [[pathognomonic]] features. Treatment includes joint protection, limited weight bearing, and [[NSAID]]s. <ref name="pmid12812240">{{cite journal| author=Balakrishnan A, Schemitsch EH, Pearce D, McKee MD| title=Distinguishing transient osteoporosis of the hip from avascular necrosis. | journal=Can J Surg | year= 2003 | volume= 46 | issue= 3 | pages= 187-92 | pmid=12812240 | doi= | pmc=3211740 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12812240 }} </ref> | ||
[[Image:Transient-hip-osteoporosis.jpg|300px|center|thumb|Idiopathic transient osteoporosis of hip; note to the decreased bone density in left femur.]] | [[Image:Transient-hip-osteoporosis.jpg|300px|center|thumb|Idiopathic transient osteoporosis of hip; note to the decreased bone density in left femur.]] | ||
* '''[[Osteomalacia]]''' | * '''[[Osteomalacia]]:''' inability to mineralize the new formed [[bone]] matrix, which is caused by deficiency of [[vitamin D]] in adults. It is kind of low-turnover [[bone]] disease, in which [[osteoblasts]] are always scant. Diffuse [[bone]] pain, fatigue, and [[fractures]] are the common symptoms. It also can progress to [[osteoporosis]]. | ||
* '''[[Scurvy]]''' - the biosynthesis of collagen is defective due to [[vitamiin C]] deficiency. New bone formation is prevented and the old bone becomes brittle due to lack and poor quality of collagen. Treatment is vitamin C replacement. | * '''[[Scurvy]]''' - the biosynthesis of collagen is defective due to [[vitamiin C]] deficiency. New bone formation is prevented and the old bone becomes brittle due to lack and poor quality of collagen. Treatment is vitamin C replacement. | ||
* '''[[Osteogenesis imperfecta]]''' - caused by a defect in collagen and the improper functioning of osteoblasts. Short stature, [[scoliosis]], tooth defects, hearing defects and propensity for fractures are the main clinical features. | * '''[[Osteogenesis imperfecta]]''' - caused by a defect in collagen and the improper functioning of osteoblasts. Short stature, [[scoliosis]], tooth defects, hearing defects and propensity for fractures are the main clinical features. | ||
Revision as of 16:13, 2 August 2017
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2], Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S.[3]
Overview
Osteoporosis must be differentiated from other diseases include: idiopathic transient osteoporosis of hip, osteomalacia, scurvy, osteogenesis imperfecta, multiple myeloma, homocystinuria, and hypermetabolic resorptive osteoporosis; which can all present with some similar features, too.
Differentiating osteoporosis from other diseases
- Idiopathic transient osteoporosis of hip: primarily, it is thought to be seen most often in women during the third trimester of pregnancy; but it described also in middle aged men. Acute hip pain is the main characteristic of the disease; totally, self-limited after 6-8 months. Sometimes it may be explained as early or benign avascular necrosis (AVN). Sub-chondoral cortical loss and diffuse osteopenia of the femoral head and neck are the pathognomonic features. Treatment includes joint protection, limited weight bearing, and NSAIDs. [1]
- Osteomalacia: inability to mineralize the new formed bone matrix, which is caused by deficiency of vitamin D in adults. It is kind of low-turnover bone disease, in which osteoblasts are always scant. Diffuse bone pain, fatigue, and fractures are the common symptoms. It also can progress to osteoporosis.
- Scurvy - the biosynthesis of collagen is defective due to vitamiin C deficiency. New bone formation is prevented and the old bone becomes brittle due to lack and poor quality of collagen. Treatment is vitamin C replacement.
- Osteogenesis imperfecta - caused by a defect in collagen and the improper functioning of osteoblasts. Short stature, scoliosis, tooth defects, hearing defects and propensity for fractures are the main clinical features.
- Multiple myeloma - this is a malignant tumor of the plasma cells. It accounts for 40% of all bone tumors. Diffuse bone pain and tenderness are common. It also forms osteolytic lesions on the bones. The prognosis is poor. Chemotherapy is the main stay of treatment.
- Homocystinuria - is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder that affects the metabolism of the amino acid methionine. Failure to thrive, visual problems and musculoskeletal problems are the major presentations. There is not a cure.