Differentiating Diabetes insipidus from other diseases

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Diabetes insipidus must be differentiated from other diseases that cause polyuria which is defined as a urine output exceeding 3 L/day in adults and 2 L/m2 in children, increased frequency or nocturia and polydipsia.

Differentiating Diabetes insipidus from other Diseases

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

• Acute tubular necrosis
• Amyloidosis
• Drugs
• Genetic
• Granuloma
• Hypercalcemia
• Hyperkalemia
• Polycystic kidneys
• Pregnancy
• Sarcoma
• Sickle Cell Disease
• Urinary tract obstruction

Pituitary Diabetes Insipidus

• Adenomas
• Aneurysm
• Aortocoronary bypass
• Chemical toxins
• Congenital pituitary malformations
• Craniopharyngeoma
• Encephalitis
• Genetic
• Granulomas
• Head trauma
• Hypoxic encephalopathy
• Leukemia
• Lymphoma
• Lymphocytic neurohypophysitis
• Meningitis
• Metastases
• Posthypophysectomy
• Sarcoidosis
• Scleroderma
• Sheehan's Syndrome
• Stroke
• Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
• Toxoplasmosis
• Tuberculosis
• Wegener's Granulomatosis

Primary Polydipsia

• Drugs
• Granulomas
• Head trauma
• Iatrogenic
• Multiple Sclerosis
• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
• Schizophrenia
• Tuberculosis