Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics): Difference between revisions

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{| class="infobox" style="margin: 0 0 0 0; border: 0; float: right; width: 100px; background: #A8A8A8; position: fixed; top: 250px; right: 21px; border-radius: 0 0 10px 10px;" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0";
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! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 85%; background: #A8A8A8" align=center| {{fontcolor|#2B3B44|Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics) Microchapters}}
! style="padding: 0 5px; font-size: 85%; background: #A8A8A8" align="center" |{{fontcolor|#2B3B44|Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics) Microchapters}}
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! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | [[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Overview|Overview]]
! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align="left" |[[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Overview|Overview]]
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! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | [[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Causes|Causes]]
! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align="left" |[[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Causes|Causes]]
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! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | [[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#FIRE: Focused Initial Rapid Evaluation|FIRE]]
! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align="left" |[[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#FIRE: Focused Initial Rapid Evaluation|FIRE]]
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! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | [[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Complete Diagnostic Approach|Diagnosis]]
! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align="left" |[[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Complete Diagnostic Approach|Diagnosis]]
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! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | [[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Treatment|Treatment]]
! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align="left" |[[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Treatment|Treatment]]
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! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | [[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Do's|Do's]]
! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align="left" |[[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Do's|Do's]]
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! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align=left | [[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Don'ts|Don'ts]]
! style="font-size: 80%; padding: 0 5px; background: #DCDCDC" align="left" |[[Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics)#Don'ts|Don'ts]]
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==Causes==
==Causes==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Life Threatening Causes
!Common Causes
|-
|
* Cholera
* ''Entamoeba histolytica''
* Enterohemorrhagic ''Escherichia coli'' (EHEC)
* Enteroinvasive ''Escherichia coli'' (EIEC)
* Campylobacter spp.
* Nontyphoidal ''Salmonella enterica''
|
* Rotavirus.
* Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)
* Cryptosporidium
* Shigella spp.
|}
===Life Threatening Causes===
===Life Threatening Causes===
Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. A wide range of underlying causes induce life threatening conditions for a child with diarrhea .Hence , [[physical examination]] plays a crucial role in assessing children with diarrhea in the first step .
Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. A wide range of underlying causes induce life threatening conditions for a child with diarrhea .Hence , [[physical examination]] plays a crucial role in assessing children with diarrhea in the first step .
* [[Cholera]]: [[Vibrio Cholera]] leads to a severe watery [[Diarrhea]] which can result in severe dehydration if left untreated.
 
* [[Surgical related causes]]: [[Intussusception]] which presents with red jelly diarrhea and an ill baby.
*[[Cholera]]: [[Vibrio Cholera]] leads to a severe watery [[Diarrhea]] which can result in severe dehydration if left untreated.
*[[Surgical related causes]]: [[Intussusception]] which presents with red jelly diarrhea and an ill baby.


===Common Causes===
===Common Causes===
* [[Enteral  infections]] including common viral, bacterial and parasitic infections.
 
* parenteral causes including infections elsewhere in the body : [[UTI]],[[Acute otitis media]], [[Sepsis]].
*[[Enteral  infections]] including common viral, bacterial and parasitic infections.
* [[Inflammatory ]] including [[IBD]],Allergy to cow's milk , [[whipples disease]].  
*parenteral causes including infections elsewhere in the body : [[UTI]],[[Acute otitis media]], [[Sepsis]].
* [[Malabsorption]] including [[celiac disease]] ,[[lactase deficiency]]
*[[Inflammatory ]] including [[IBD]],Allergy to cow's milk , [[whipples disease]].
* Feed related
*[[Malabsorption]] including [[celiac disease]] ,[[lactase deficiency]]
*Feed related
*[[Endocrine]] :[[Hypothyroidism]],[[Addison's disease]] ,[[Hyperparathyroidism]]'
*[[Endocrine]] :[[Hypothyroidism]],[[Addison's disease]] ,[[Hyperparathyroidism]]'
*[[Neoplastic causes]]
*[[Neoplastic causes]]
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==Do's==
==Do's==
* The content in this section is in bullet points.
 
*The content in this section is in bullet points.


==Don'ts==
==Don'ts==
* The content in this section is in bullet points.
 
*The content in this section is in bullet points.


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 21:59, 6 December 2020


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief:

Synonyms and keywords:

Diarrhea resident survival guide (pediatrics) Microchapters
Overview
Causes
FIRE
Diagnosis
Treatment
Do's
Don'ts

Overview

Diarrhea remains one of the leading causes of preventable death in developing countries, especially among children under 5 years of age. Diarrhea is defined as an increase in the number of stools or the presence of looser stools than is normal, like more than three bowel movements each day. Acute diarrhea is when diarrhea occurs for less than 3 weeks total. When diarrhea lasts longer than three weeks, it is considered to be chronic.

Causes

Life Threatening Causes Common Causes
  • Cholera
  • Entamoeba histolytica
  • Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC)
  • Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC)
  • Campylobacter spp.
  • Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica
  • Rotavirus.
  • Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)
  • Cryptosporidium
  • Shigella spp.

Life Threatening Causes

Life-threatening causes include conditions that may result in death or permanent disability within 24 hours if left untreated. A wide range of underlying causes induce life threatening conditions for a child with diarrhea .Hence , physical examination plays a crucial role in assessing children with diarrhea in the first step .

Common Causes

FIRE: Focused Initial Rapid Evaluation

Complete Diagnostic Approach

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the diagnosis of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Treatment

Shown below is an algorithm summarizing the treatment of [[disease name]] according the the [...] guidelines.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Do's

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

Don'ts

  • The content in this section is in bullet points.

References

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