Cyanosis classification: Difference between revisions

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==References==
==References==
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Revision as of 14:47, 26 September 2012

Cyanosis Microchapters

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Overview

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Classification

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Differentiating Cyanosis from other Diseases

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

Cyanosis can occur in the fingers, including underneath the fingernails, as well as other extremities (called peripheral cyanosis), or in the lips and tongue (central cyanosis).

Classification

Central cyanosis

Central cyanosis is often due to a circulatory or ventilatory problem that leads to poorer blood oxygenation in the lungs or greater oxygen extraction due to slowing down of blood circulation in the skin's blood vessels.

Peripheral cyanosis

Peripheral cyanosis is the blue tint in fingers or extremities, due to inadequate circulation. The blood reaching the extremities is not oxygen rich and when viewed through the skin a combination of factors can lead to the appearance of a blue color. All factors contributing to central cyanosis can also cause peripheral symptoms to appear, however peripheral cyanosis can be observed without there being heart or lung failures. Small blood vessels may be restricted and can be treated by increasing the normal oxygenation level of the blood.

Differential Cyanosis

In adults with a large PDA, Eisenmenger's syndrome may develop with presents as cyanosis due to a right-to-left shunt. The inversion of the shunt is produced because of the progressive increase in pulmonary vascular resistance. Severe pulmonary vascular resistance results in reversal of flow through the ductus, and unoxygenated blood is shunted to the descending aorta, and the toes, but not the fingers, become cyanotic and clubbed, a finding termed differential cyanosis.

References