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{{Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia}}
{{Cryptogenic organizing pneumonia}}


{{CMG}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{MKK}}


==Overview==
==Overview==
Patients with [[cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] usually appear in mild distress. On examination, the patient is usually febrile, in [[tachypnea]], [[tachycardia]] with the regular [[pulse]]. On lung auscultation there are bilateral vesicular [[breath sounds]], fine [[crackles]] and [[wheezing]] is heard.


==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
*Physical examination of a patient with cryptogenic organizing pneumonia demonstrates signs of bronchospasm, consolidation, and fluid accumulation.
*The prevalence and severity of these findings depends on the extent of parenchymal involvement and the subtype of organizing pneumonia.<ref name="pmid9201006">{{cite journal| author=Lohr RH, Boland BJ, Douglas WW, Dockrell DH, Colby TV, Swensen SJ et al.| title=Organizing pneumonia. Features and prognosis of cryptogenic, secondary, and focal variants. | journal=Arch Intern Med | year= 1997 | volume= 157 | issue= 12 | pages= 1323-9 | pmid=9201006 | doi= | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9201006  }} </ref>
{| style="border: 0px; margin: 3px; width: 70%" align=center
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 15%;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Sign}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 28%;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 28%;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Secondary Organizing Pneumonia}}
! style="background: #4479BA; width: 29%;" | {{fontcolor|#FFF|Focal Organizing Pneumonia}}
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |Tachypnea
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |65%
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |70%
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |Crackles
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |85%
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |95%
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |10%
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |Wheezing
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |10%
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |10%
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |10%
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |Clubbing
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |5%
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |-
|-
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #DCDCDC; font-weight: bold" |Cyanosis
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |5%
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |5%
| style="padding: 5px 5px; background: #F5F5F5;" |-
|}
==Physical Examination==
* Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR
*Physical examination of patients with [disease name] is usually remarkable for:[finding 1], [finding 2], and [finding 3].
*The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is diagnostic of [disease name].
*The presence of [finding(s)] on physical examination is highly suggestive of [disease name].
===Appearance of the Patient===
===Appearance of the Patient===
*Patients with cryptogenic organizing pneumonia usually appear in mild distress.
*Patients with [[cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] usually appear in mild distress.<ref name="pmid10926343">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cazzato S, Zompatori M, Baruzzi G, Schiattone ML, Burzi M, Rossi A, Ratta L, Terzuolo G, Falcone F, Poletti V |title=Bronchiolitis obliterans-organizing pneumonia: an Italian experience |journal=Respir Med |volume=94 |issue=7 |pages=702–8 |year=2000 |pmid=10926343 |doi=10.1053/rmed.2000.0805 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid2805873">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cordier JF, Loire R, Brune J |title=Idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Definition of characteristic clinical profiles in a series of 16 patients |journal=Chest |volume=96 |issue=5 |pages=999–1004 |year=1989 |pmid=2805873 |doi= |url=}}</ref>


===Vital Signs===
===Vital Signs===
 
*Low-grade [[fever]]
*High-grade / low-grade fever
*[[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse
*[[Hypothermia]] / hyperthermia may be present
*[[Tachypnea]]  
*[[Tachycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
*Normal [[blood pressure]] with normal [[Pulse pressure|pulse pressure.]]<ref name="pmid3965933">{{cite journal |vauthors=Epler GR, Colby TV, McLoud TC, Carrington CB, Gaensler EA |title=Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=312 |issue=3 |pages=152–8 |date=January 1985 |pmid=3965933 |doi=10.1056/NEJM198501173120304 |url=}}</ref><ref name="pmid8313672">{{cite journal |vauthors=Cordier JF |title=Cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis. Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia |journal=Clin. Chest Med. |volume=14 |issue=4 |pages=677–92 |date=December 1993 |pmid=8313672 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
*[[Bradycardia]] with regular pulse or (ir)regularly irregular pulse
*Tachypnea / bradypnea
*Kussmal respirations may be present in _____ (advanced disease state)
*Weak/bounding pulse / pulsus alternans / paradoxical pulse / asymmetric pulse
*High/low blood pressure with normal pulse pressure / [[wide pulse pressure]] / [[narrow pulse pressure]]


===Skin===
===Skin===
* Skin examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
*Skin examination of patients with [[cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] is usually normal.
OR
*[[Cyanosis]]
*[[Jaundice]]
* [[Pallor]]
* Bruises
 
<gallery widths="150px">
 
UploadedImage-01.jpg | Description {{dermref}}
UploadedImage-02.jpg | Description {{dermref}}
 
</gallery>


===HEENT===
===HEENT===
* HEENT examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
*HEENT examination of patients with [[cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] is usually normal.
OR
* Abnormalities of the head/hair may include ___
* Evidence of trauma
* Icteric sclera
* [[Nystagmus]]  
* Extra-ocular movements may be abnormal
*Pupils non-reactive to light / non-reactive to accommodation / non-reactive to neither light nor accommodation
*Ophthalmoscopic exam may be abnormal with findings of ___
* Hearing acuity may be reduced
*[[Weber test]] may be abnormal (Note: A positive Weber test is considered a normal finding / A negative Weber test is considered an abnormal finding. To avoid confusion, you may write "abnormal Weber test".)
*[[Rinne test]] may be positive (Note: A positive Rinne test is considered a normal finding / A negative Rinne test is considered an abnormal finding. To avoid confusion, you may write "abnormal Rinne test".)
* [[Exudate]] from the ear canal
* Tenderness upon palpation of the ear pinnae/tragus (anterior to ear canal)
*Inflamed nares / congested nares
* [[Purulent]] exudate from the nares
* Facial tenderness
* Erythematous throat with/without tonsillar swelling, exudates, and/or petechiae


===Neck===
===Neck===
* Neck examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
*Neck examination of patients with [[cryptogenic organizing pneumonia]] is usually normal.
OR
*[[Jugular venous distension]]
*[[Carotid bruits]] may be auscultated unilaterally/bilaterally using the bell/diaphragm of the otoscope
*[[Lymphadenopathy]] (describe location, size, tenderness, mobility, and symmetry)
*[[Thyromegaly]] / thyroid nodules
*[[Hepatojugular reflux]]


===Lungs===
===Lungs===
* Pulmonary examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
*On examination patient is in mild [[dyspnea]].
OR
*Lungs are hyperresonant.
* Asymmetric chest expansion / Decreased chest expansion
*Coarse [[crackles]] upon auscultation of the lung bases/apices bilaterally depending upon the [[Consolidation (medicine)|consolidation]].
*Lungs are hypo/hyperresonant
*Vesicular breath sounds.  
*Fine/coarse [[crackles]] upon auscultation of the lung bases/apices unilaterally/bilaterally
*[[Wheezing]] may be present.
*Rhonchi
*Vesicular breath sounds / Distant breath sounds
*Expiratory/inspiratory wheezing with normal / delayed expiratory phase
*[[Wheezing]] may be present
*[[Egophony]] present/absent
*[[Bronchophony]] present/absent
*Normal/reduced [[tactile fremitus]]
 
===Heart===
* Cardiovascular examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR
*Chest tenderness upon palpation
*PMI within 2 cm of the sternum  (PMI) / Displaced point of maximal impulse (PMI) suggestive of ____
*[[Heave]] / [[thrill]]
*[[Friction rub]]
*[[Heart sounds#First heart tone S1, the "lub"(components M1 and T1)|S1]]
*[[Heart sounds#Second heart tone S2 the "dub"(components A2 and P2)|S2]]
*[[Heart sounds#Third heart sound S3|S3]]
*[[Heart sounds#Fourth heart sound S4|S4]]
*[[Heart sounds#Summation Gallop|Gallops]]
*A high/low grade early/late [[systolic murmur]] / [[diastolic murmur]] best heard at the base/apex/(specific valve region) may be heard using the bell/diaphgram of the otoscope
 
===Abdomen===
Abdominal examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
 
OR
*[[Abdominal distention]]  
*[[Abdominal tenderness]] in the right/left upper/lower abdominal quadrant
*[[Rebound tenderness]] (positive Blumberg sign)
*A palpable abdominal mass in the right/left upper/lower abdominal quadrant
*Guarding may be present
*[[Hepatomegaly]] / [[splenomegaly]] / [[hepatosplenomegaly]]
*Additional findings, such as obturator test, psoas test, McBurney point test, Murphy test
 
===Back===
* Back examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR
*Point tenderness over __ vertebrae (e.g. L3-L4)
*Sacral edema
*Costovertebral angle tenderness bilaterally/unilaterally
*Buffalo hump
 
===Genitourinary===
* Genitourinary examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR
*A pelvic/adnexal mass may be palpated
*Inflamed mucosa
*Clear/(color), foul-smelling/odorless penile/vaginal discharge
 
===Neuromuscular===
* Neuromuscular examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR
*Patient is usually oriented to persons, place, and time
* Altered mental status
* Glasgow coma scale is ___ / 15
* Clonus may be present
* Hyperreflexia / hyporeflexia / areflexia
* Positive (abnormal) Babinski / plantar reflex unilaterally/bilaterally
* Muscle rigidity
* Proximal/distal muscle weakness unilaterally/bilaterally
* ____ (finding) suggestive of cranial nerve ___ (roman numerical) deficit (e.g. Dilated pupils suggestive of CN III deficit)
*Unilateral/bilateral upper/lower extremity weakness
*Unilateral/bilateral sensory loss in the upper/lower extremity
*Positive straight leg raise test
*Abnormal gait (describe gait: e.g. ataxic (cerebellar) gait / steppage gait / waddling gait / choeiform gait / Parkinsonian gait / sensory gait)
*Positive/negative Trendelenburg sign
*Unilateral/bilateral tremor (describe tremor, e.g. at rest, pill-rolling)
*Normal finger-to-nose test / Dysmetria
*Absent/present dysdiadochokinesia (palm tapping test)
 
===Extremities===
* Extremities examination of patients with [disease name] is usually normal.
OR
*[[Clubbing]]
*[[Cyanosis]]
*Pitting/non-pitting [[edema]] of the upper/lower extremities
*Muscle atrophy
*Fasciculations in the upper/lower extremity


==References==
==References==

Latest revision as of 22:11, 6 March 2018

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]

Overview

Patients with cryptogenic organizing pneumonia usually appear in mild distress. On examination, the patient is usually febrile, in tachypnea, tachycardia with the regular pulse. On lung auscultation there are bilateral vesicular breath sounds, fine crackles and wheezing is heard.

Physical Examination

Appearance of the Patient

Vital Signs

Skin

HEENT

Neck

Lungs

  • On examination patient is in mild dyspnea.
  • Lungs are hyperresonant.
  • Coarse crackles upon auscultation of the lung bases/apices bilaterally depending upon the consolidation.
  • Vesicular breath sounds.
  • Wheezing may be present.

References

  1. Cazzato S, Zompatori M, Baruzzi G, Schiattone ML, Burzi M, Rossi A, Ratta L, Terzuolo G, Falcone F, Poletti V (2000). "Bronchiolitis obliterans-organizing pneumonia: an Italian experience". Respir Med. 94 (7): 702–8. doi:10.1053/rmed.2000.0805. PMID 10926343.
  2. Cordier JF, Loire R, Brune J (1989). "Idiopathic bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Definition of characteristic clinical profiles in a series of 16 patients". Chest. 96 (5): 999–1004. PMID 2805873.
  3. Epler GR, Colby TV, McLoud TC, Carrington CB, Gaensler EA (January 1985). "Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia". N. Engl. J. Med. 312 (3): 152–8. doi:10.1056/NEJM198501173120304. PMID 3965933.
  4. Cordier JF (December 1993). "Cryptogenic organizing pneumonitis. Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia". Clin. Chest Med. 14 (4): 677–92. PMID 8313672.