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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
There are no formal established methods for [[primary prevention]] of [[allergic conjunctivitis]], [[keratoconjunctivitis sicca|keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome)]], and [[superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis]]. However, early determination of these conditions is very important in terms of [[morbidity]].<ref name="pmid24235191">{{cite journal| author=Matejcek A, Goldman RD| title=Treatment and prevention of ophthalmia neonatorum. | journal=Can Fam Physician | year= 2013 | volume= 59 | issue= 11 | pages= 1187-90 | pmid=24235191 | doi= | pmc=3828094 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24235191 }} </ref> | |||
==Primary Prevention== | ==Primary Prevention== | ||
===Infective Conjunctivitis=== | ===Infective Conjunctivitis=== | ||
Effective measures for the [[primary prevention]] of infective conjunctivitis include:<ref name="pmid17696792">{{cite journal| author=Rose P| title=Management strategies for acute infective conjunctivitis in primary care: a systematic review. | journal=Expert Opin Pharmacother | year= 2007 | volume= 8 | issue= 12 | pages= 1903-21 | pmid=17696792 | doi=10.1517/14656566.8.12.1903 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=17696792 }} </ref> | |||
* Change pillowcases frequently | * Change pillowcases frequently | ||
* Change towels and wash cloths daily | * Change towels and wash cloths daily | ||
* Do not share personal articles that come in contact with the [[eyes]] (e.g. eye make-up applicators, towels, wash cloths, eye droppers) | * Do not share personal articles that come in contact with the [[eyes]] (e.g. eye make-up applicators, towels, wash cloths, eye droppers) | ||
* Handle and clean [[contact lenses]] properly | * Handle and clean [[contact lenses]] properly | ||
* Keep hands away from the [[eye]] | * Keep hands away from the [[eye]] | ||
* Replace [[eye]] cosmetics regularly | * Replace [[eye]] cosmetics regularly | ||
* Wash your [[hands]] often | * Wash your [[hands]] often | ||
* Always wash [[hands]] with soap and water or an alcohol based hand sanitizer prior to and following contact with a person who has conjunctivitis. | * Always wash [[hands]] with soap and water or an [[alcohol]] based [[hand sanitizer]] prior to and following contact with a person who has conjunctivitis. | ||
* Avoid contact with an individual infected with either the [[viral]] or [[bacterial]] form of conjunctivitis | |||
===Neonatal Conjunctivitis=== | ===Neonatal Conjunctivitis=== | ||
Effective measures for the primary prevention of | Effective measures for the primary prevention of [[ophthalmia neonatorum]] include:<ref name="pmid24235191">{{cite journal| author=Matejcek A, Goldman RD| title=Treatment and prevention of ophthalmia neonatorum. | journal=Can Fam Physician | year= 2013 | volume= 59 | issue= 11 | pages= 1187-90 | pmid=24235191 | doi= | pmc=3828094 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24235191 }} </ref> | ||
* | *'''Prophylaxis''' | ||
**Ocular prophylaxis with 0.5% [[erythromycin]] ointment or 1% [[tetracycline hydrochloride]] be given to all newborn | |||
**Systemic prophylaxis with [[ceftriaxone]] 50 mg/kg IM or IV, single dose, is recommended in the neonate born to mothers with untreated or suspected [[gonococcal]] infection | |||
*Educate pregnant women on the importance of regular examinations to detect and treat [[sexually transmitted infections|sexually transmitted infections (STD)]] | *Educate pregnant women on the importance of regular examinations to detect and treat [[sexually transmitted infections|sexually transmitted infections (STD)]] | ||
*Avoid | *Avoid vaginal delivery ([[HSV]] transmission rates are high for women who acquire [[genital herpes]] in the last few weeks of pregnancy) | ||
*Avoid | *Avoid ocular [[prophylaxis]] with silver nitrate | ||
===Allergic Conjunctivitis=== | ===Allergic Conjunctivitis=== | ||
There is no established method for | There is no established method for primary prevention of [[allergic conjunctivitis]]. | ||
===Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca=== | ===Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca=== | ||
There is no established method for primary prevention of [[keratoconjunctivitis sicca|keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome)]]. | There is no established method for [[primary prevention]] of [[keratoconjunctivitis sicca|keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome)]]. | ||
===Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis=== | ===Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis=== | ||
There is no established method for primary prevention of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. | There is no established method for [[primary prevention]] of [[superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis|superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK)]]. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist|2}} | {{Reflist|2}} | ||
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[[Category:Immunology]] | [[Category:Immunology]] | ||
[[Category:Ophthalmology]] | [[Category:Ophthalmology]] | ||
[[Category:Pediatrics]] | |||
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[[Category:Emergency medicine]] | |||
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[[Category:Infectious disease]] | [[Category:Infectious disease]] | ||
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [2]
Overview
There are no formal established methods for primary prevention of allergic conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome), and superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis. However, early determination of these conditions is very important in terms of morbidity.[1]
Primary Prevention
Infective Conjunctivitis
Effective measures for the primary prevention of infective conjunctivitis include:[2]
- Change pillowcases frequently
- Change towels and wash cloths daily
- Do not share personal articles that come in contact with the eyes (e.g. eye make-up applicators, towels, wash cloths, eye droppers)
- Handle and clean contact lenses properly
- Keep hands away from the eye
- Replace eye cosmetics regularly
- Wash your hands often
- Always wash hands with soap and water or an alcohol based hand sanitizer prior to and following contact with a person who has conjunctivitis.
- Avoid contact with an individual infected with either the viral or bacterial form of conjunctivitis
Neonatal Conjunctivitis
Effective measures for the primary prevention of ophthalmia neonatorum include:[1]
- Prophylaxis
- Ocular prophylaxis with 0.5% erythromycin ointment or 1% tetracycline hydrochloride be given to all newborn
- Systemic prophylaxis with ceftriaxone 50 mg/kg IM or IV, single dose, is recommended in the neonate born to mothers with untreated or suspected gonococcal infection
- Educate pregnant women on the importance of regular examinations to detect and treat sexually transmitted infections (STD)
- Avoid vaginal delivery (HSV transmission rates are high for women who acquire genital herpes in the last few weeks of pregnancy)
- Avoid ocular prophylaxis with silver nitrate
Allergic Conjunctivitis
There is no established method for primary prevention of allergic conjunctivitis.
Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
There is no established method for primary prevention of keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome).
Superior Limbic Keratoconjunctivitis
There is no established method for primary prevention of superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK).
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matejcek A, Goldman RD (2013). "Treatment and prevention of ophthalmia neonatorum". Can Fam Physician. 59 (11): 1187–90. PMC 3828094. PMID 24235191.
- ↑ Rose P (2007). "Management strategies for acute infective conjunctivitis in primary care: a systematic review". Expert Opin Pharmacother. 8 (12): 1903–21. doi:10.1517/14656566.8.12.1903. PMID 17696792.