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{{Conjunctivitis}}
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==Overview==
==Overview==
Conjunctivitis may be classified based on the duration of [[symptoms]] into hyperacute, [[acute]], and [[chronic]].<ref name= Conjunctivitis > National Eye Institute (2015). [https://nei.nih.gov/health/pinkeye/pink_facts] Accessed on June 23, 2016</ref><ref name="pmid22827184">{{cite journal| author=Blochmichel E, Helleboid L, Corvec MP| title=Chronic allergic conjunctivitis. | journal=Ocul Immunol Inflamm | year= 1993 | volume= 1 | issue= 1-2 | pages= 9-12 | pmid=22827184 | doi=10.3109/09273949309086529 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22827184  }} </ref>
Additionally, conjunctivitis may be classified according to the [[causality]] of the [[inflammation]] or age groups into several subtypes: infective conjunctivitis ([[bacterial]] and [[viral]]), neonatal conjunctivitis ([[ophthalmia neonatorum]]), [[allergic conjunctivitis]], [[keratoconjunctivitis sicca|keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome)]], superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis, and chemical conjunctivitis.<ref name="pmid26319341">{{cite journal| author=Alfonso SA, Fawley JD, Alexa Lu X| title=Conjunctivitis. | journal=Prim Care | year= 2015 | volume= 42 | issue= 3 | pages= 325-45 | pmid=26319341 | doi=10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.001 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26319341  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26258920">{{cite journal| author=Leonardi A, Castegnaro A, Valerio AL, Lazzarini D| title=Epidemiology of allergic conjunctivitis: clinical appearance and treatment patterns in a population-based study. | journal=Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol | year= 2015 | volume= 15 | issue= 5 | pages= 482-8 | pmid=26258920 | doi=10.1097/ACI.0000000000000204 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26258920  }} </ref>


==Classification==
==Classification==
Based on the duration of [[symptoms]], conjunctivitis may be classified into hyperacute, [[acute]] (less than 3 weeks), and [[chronic]] (greater than 3 weeks).


Base on duration of symptoms, [[Conjunctivitis]] may be classified into either [[Hyperacute]], [[acute]] (less than 3 weeks) and [[chronic]] (greater than 3 weeks).<ref name= Conjunctivitis > National Eye Institute (2015). [https://nei.nih.gov/health/pinkeye/pink_facts] Access on June 23, 2016</ref><ref name="pmid22827184">{{cite journal| author=Blochmichel E, Helleboid L, Corvec MP| title=Chronic allergic conjunctivitis. | journal=Ocul Immunol Inflamm | year= 1993 | volume= 1 | issue= 1-2 | pages= 9-12 | pmid=22827184 | doi=10.3109/09273949309086529 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22827184  }} </ref>
According to the [[etiology]] and age groups, conjunctivitis may be classified into:<ref name= Bacterial & Viral Conjunctivitis > Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016). [http://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/about/diagnosis.html] Accessed on June 23, 2016</ref><ref name="pmid27303700">{{cite journal| author=Menon BB, Zhou X, Spurr-Michaud S, Rajaiya J, Chodosh J, Gipson IK| title=Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis-Causing Adenoviruses Induce MUC16 Ectodomain Release To Infect Ocular Surface Epithelial Cells. | journal=mSphere | year= 2016 | volume= 1 | issue= 1 | pages=  | pmid=27303700 | doi=10.1128/mSphere.00112-15 | pmc=4863608 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27303700  }} </ref><ref name= Bacterial & Viral Conjunctivitis > Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016). [http://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/about/diagnosis.html] Accessed on June 23, 2016</ref><ref name="pmid25606121">{{cite journal| author=Mallika P, Asok T, Faisal H, Aziz S, Tan A, Intan G| title=Neonatal conjunctivitis - a review. | journal=Malays Fam Physician | year= 2008 | volume= 3 | issue= 2 | pages= 77-81 | pmid=25606121 | doi= | pmc=4170304 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25606121 }} </ref><ref name="pmid26322818">{{cite journal| author=Li Z, Chen W, Zhang Y, Jhanji V, Fan Z, Mu G| title=Topical Fluorometholone Versus Diclofenac Sodium in Cases With Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis. | journal=Eye Contact Lens | year= 2015 | volume= 41 | issue= 5 | pages= 310-3 | pmid=26322818 | doi=10.1097/ICL.0000000000000127 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26322818  }} </ref> <ref name="pmid24799171">{{cite journal| author=Bischoff G| title=[Giant papillary conjunctivitis]. | journal=Klin Monbl Augenheilkd | year= 2014 | volume= 231 | issue= 5 | pages= 518-21 | pmid=24799171 | doi=10.1055/s-0034-1368334 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24799171  }} </ref>
 
Conjunctivitis may be classified according to the etiology.<ref name= Bacterial & Viral Conjunctivitis > Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016). [http://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/about/diagnosis.html] Access on June 23, 2016</ref><ref name="pmid27303700">{{cite journal| author=Menon BB, Zhou X, Spurr-Michaud S, Rajaiya J, Chodosh J, Gipson IK| title=Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis-Causing Adenoviruses Induce MUC16 Ectodomain Release To Infect Ocular Surface Epithelial Cells. | journal=mSphere | year= 2016 | volume= 1 | issue= 1 | pages=  | pmid=27303700 | doi=10.1128/mSphere.00112-15 | pmc=4863608 | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=27303700  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26319341">{{cite journal| author=Alfonso SA, Fawley JD, Alexa Lu X| title=Conjunctivitis. | journal=Prim Care | year= 2015 | volume= 42 | issue= 3 | pages= 325-45 | pmid=26319341 | doi=10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.001 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26319341  }} </ref><ref name="pmid26258920">{{cite journal| author=Leonardi A, Castegnaro A, Valerio AL, Lazzarini D| title=Epidemiology of allergic conjunctivitis: clinical appearance and treatment patterns in a population-based study. | journal=Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol | year= 2015 | volume= 15 | issue= 5 | pages= 482-8 | pmid=26258920 | doi=10.1097/ACI.0000000000000204 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26258920 }} </ref>
 
*[[Infective Conjunctivitis]]
**[[Viral]], [[Bacterial]], [[Fungal]], [[recketsial]], [[protozoal]], [[parasitic]]
*Neonatal Conjunctivitis
*[[Allergic Conjunctivitis]]
**[[Allergic conjunctivitis]] may be classified into several subtypes base on pathophysiology and severity of symptoms including: [[Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis]], [[Perennial allergic conjunctivitis]], [[Vernal keratoconjunctivitis]], [[Atopic keratoconjunctivitis]], and [[Giant papillary conjunctivitis]] <ref name="pmid26322818">{{cite journal| author=Li Z, Chen W, Zhang Y, Jhanji V, Fan Z, Mu G| title=Topical Fluorometholone Versus Diclofenac Sodium in Cases With Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis. | journal=Eye Contact Lens | year= 2015 | volume= 41 | issue= 5 | pages= 310-3 | pmid=26322818 | doi=10.1097/ICL.0000000000000127 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26322818  }} </ref> <ref name="pmid24799171">{{cite journal| author=Bischoff G| title=[Giant papillary conjunctivitis]. | journal=Klin Monbl Augenheilkd | year= 2014 | volume= 231 | issue= 5 | pages= 518-21 | pmid=24799171 | doi=10.1055/s-0034-1368334 | pmc= | url=http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=24799171  }} </ref>
*[[Keratoconjunctivitis]]
**[[Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis]] and keratoconjunctivitis sicca
*Irritative Conjunctivitis<ref name= Conjunctivitis > National Eye Institute (2015). [https://nei.nih.gov/health/pinkeye/pink_facts] Access on June 23, 2016</ref>
 


*Infective conjunctivitis
**[[Viral]], [[bacterial]], [[fungal]], [[rickettsial]], [[protozoal]], and [[parasitic]]
*[[ophthalmia neonatorum|Neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum)]]
**[[Bacterial]], [[viral]], and chemical
*[[Allergic conjunctivitis]]
**Seasonal allergic conjunctivitis
**Perennial allergic conjunctivitis
**Vernal keratoconjunctivitis
**Atopic keratoconjunctivitis
**Giant papillary conjunctivitis
*[[Keratoconjunctivitis sicca|Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome)]]
*[[Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis|Superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis (SLK)]]
*Chemical or irritative conjunctivitis


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 21:07, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [2]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Sara Mehrsefat, M.D. [3]

Overview

Conjunctivitis may be classified based on the duration of symptoms into hyperacute, acute, and chronic.[1][2] Additionally, conjunctivitis may be classified according to the causality of the inflammation or age groups into several subtypes: infective conjunctivitis (bacterial and viral), neonatal conjunctivitis (ophthalmia neonatorum), allergic conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca (dry eye syndrome), superior limbic keratoconjunctivitis, and chemical conjunctivitis.[3][4]

Classification

Based on the duration of symptoms, conjunctivitis may be classified into hyperacute, acute (less than 3 weeks), and chronic (greater than 3 weeks).

According to the etiology and age groups, conjunctivitis may be classified into:[5][6][7] [8]

References

  1. ↑ National Eye Institute (2015). [1] Accessed on June 23, 2016
  2. ↑ Blochmichel E, Helleboid L, Corvec MP (1993). "Chronic allergic conjunctivitis". Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 1 (1–2): 9–12. doi:10.3109/09273949309086529. PMID 22827184.
  3. ↑ Alfonso SA, Fawley JD, Alexa Lu X (2015). "Conjunctivitis". Prim Care. 42 (3): 325–45. doi:10.1016/j.pop.2015.05.001. PMID 26319341.
  4. ↑ Leonardi A, Castegnaro A, Valerio AL, Lazzarini D (2015). "Epidemiology of allergic conjunctivitis: clinical appearance and treatment patterns in a population-based study". Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol. 15 (5): 482–8. doi:10.1097/ACI.0000000000000204. PMID 26258920.
  5. ↑ Menon BB, Zhou X, Spurr-Michaud S, Rajaiya J, Chodosh J, Gipson IK (2016). "Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis-Causing Adenoviruses Induce MUC16 Ectodomain Release To Infect Ocular Surface Epithelial Cells". mSphere. 1 (1). doi:10.1128/mSphere.00112-15. PMC 4863608. PMID 27303700.
  6. ↑ Mallika P, Asok T, Faisal H, Aziz S, Tan A, Intan G (2008). "Neonatal conjunctivitis - a review". Malays Fam Physician. 3 (2): 77–81. PMC 4170304. PMID 25606121.
  7. ↑ Li Z, Chen W, Zhang Y, Jhanji V, Fan Z, Mu G (2015). "Topical Fluorometholone Versus Diclofenac Sodium in Cases With Perennial Allergic Conjunctivitis". Eye Contact Lens. 41 (5): 310–3. doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000127. PMID 26322818.
  8. ↑ Bischoff G (2014). "[Giant papillary conjunctivitis]". Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 231 (5): 518–21. doi:10.1055/s-0034-1368334. PMID 24799171.

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