Clubbing causes

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2]

Overview

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Cardiovascular	Cyanotic congenital heart disease, Right-to-left shunting, Bacterial endocarditis, Tetralogy of fallot, Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, Transposition of the great vessels, Tricuspid atresia, Truncus arteriosus, Arteriovenous malformations , Arterial vascular prosthesis infections, Atrial myxoma, Pulmonic stenosis
Chemical / poisoning	Cannabis, Lipoid pneumonia,
Dermatologic	No underlying causes
Drug Side Effect	Cannabis, Interferon gamma
Ear Nose Throat	Nasopharyngeal carcinoma
Endocrine	Thyroid cancer, Thyrotoxicosis
Environmental	Mesothelioma, Silicosis
Gastroenterologic	Ulcerative colitis, Crohn disease, Primary biliary cirrhosis, Cirrhosis of the liver, Leiomyoma of the esophagus, Achalasia, and Peptic ulcer of the esophagus, Celiac sprue, Hepatoma
Genetic	Cystic fibrosis
Hematologic	Myelofibrosis
Iatrogenic	Cannabis
Infectious Disease	Tuberculosis, Empyema
Musculoskeletal / Ortho	No underlying causes
Neurologic	Cerebrovascular insult
Nutritional / Metabolic	No underlying causes
Obstetric/Gynecologic	No underlying causes
Oncologic	Thyroid cancer, Thymus cancer, Hodgkin's disease, POEMS syndrome, Metastatic melanoma, Mesothelioma, Nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Myelofibrosis, Atrial myxoma,
Opthalmologic	No underlying causes
Overdose / Toxicity	No underlying causes
Psychiatric	No underlying causes
Pulmonary	Lung cancer, Cystic fibrosis, Interstitial lung disease, Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, Sarcoidosis,Lipoid pneumonia, Empyema, Pleural mesothelioma, Pulmonary artery sarcoma, Cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis, Pulmonary metastasis, Bronchiectasis
Renal / Electrolyte	No underlying causes
Rheum / Immune / Allergy	No underlying causes
Sexual	No underlying causes
Trauma	No underlying causes
Urologic	No underlying causes
Miscellaneous	Sarcoidosis

Causes in Alphabetical Order

Interstitial lung disease
Liver tumors
Lung abscess^[9]
Metastatic melanoma^[10]
Mesothelioma^[11]
Myelofibrosis^[12]
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma^[13]
Pachydermoperiostosis
POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes): a rare paraneoplastic syndrome secondary to a plasma cell dyscrasia in which clubbing may be seen. Other findings including peripheral neuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal plasma proliferative disorder, skin changes, sclerotic bone lesions, Castleman disease, thrombocytosis, papilledema, peripheral edema, pleural effusions, ascites, and white nails.
Primary biliary cirrhosis^[14]
Pulmonic stenosis
Pulmonary artery sarcoma^[15]
Pulmonary artery sclerosis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Pulmonary metastases
Right-to-left cardiac shunts
Sarcoidosis of the lungs ^[16]
Silicosis^[17]
Sprue
Thyroid cancer
Thyrotoxicosis
Tuberculosis
Ulcerative colitis
Vascular anomalies

References

↑ Alonso-Bartolomé P, Martínez-Taboada VM, Pina T, Blanco R, Rodriguez-Valverde V (2006). "Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy secondary to vascular prosthesis infection: report of 3 cases and review of the literature". Medicine (Baltimore). 85 (3): 183–91. doi:10.1097/01.md.0000224714.27508.8b. PMID 16721260. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Sridhar KS, Lobo CF, Altman RD. Digital clubbing and lung cancer. Chest 1998;114:1535-37. PMID 9872183
↑ Schuller A, Cottin V, Hot A, Cordier JF (2008). "Finger clubbing and altered carbon monoxide transfer capacity in cannabis smokers". Eur. Respir. J. 31 (2): 473–4. doi:10.1183/09031936.00150907. PMID 18238953. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Gajewska J, Ambroszkiewicz J, Hozyasz KK (2005). "[The impairement of bone formation and resorption in 25-year-old man with neglected celiac disease]". Wiad. Lek. (in Polish). 58 (5–6): 338–41. PMID 16238129.
↑ Pineda CJ, Guerra J, Weisman MH, Resnick D, Martinez-Lavin M (1985). "The skeletal manifestations of clubbing: a study in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy". Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 14 (4): 263–73. PMID 3909407. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Van Ginderdeuren F, Van Cauwelaert K, Malfroot A (2006). "Influence of digital clubbing on oxygen saturation measurements by pulse-oximetry in cystic fibrosis patients". J. Cyst. Fibros. 5 (2): 125–8. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2006.01.007. PMID 16504602. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Ozdemir B, Sentürk T, Kaderli AA; et al. (2008). "Postoperative regression of clubbing at an unexpected rate in a patient with aortic and mitral valve replacement due to infective endocarditis". Ir J Med Sci. doi:10.1007/s11845-008-0231-2. PMID 18843516. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Mullins GM, Lenhard RE (1971). "Digital clubbing in Hodgkin's disease". Johns Hopkins Med J. 128 (3): 153–7. PMID 5553121. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Moreira Jda S, Camargo Jde J, Felicetti JC, Goldenfun PR, Moreira AL, Porto Nda S (2006). "Lung abscess: analysis of 252 consecutive cases diagnosed between 1968 and 2004". J Bras Pneumol. 32 (2): 136–43. PMID 17273583.
↑ Thompson MA, Warner NB, Hwu WJ (2005). "Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy associated with metastatic melanoma". Melanoma Res. 15 (6): 559–61. PMID 16314744. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ McGavin C, Hughes P (1998). "Finger clubbing in malignant mesothelioma and benign asbestos pleural disease". Respir Med. 92 (4): 691–2. PMID 9659538. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Saghafi M, Azarian A, Nohesara N (2008). "Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy with myelofibrosis". Rheumatol. Int. 28 (6): 597–600. doi:10.1007/s00296-007-0477-4. PMID 18038138. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Ali N, Abbasi AN, Karsan F, Hashmi R, Badar QA, Sheikh AJ (2009). "A case of finger clubbing associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a young girl, and review of pathophysiology". J Pak Med Assoc. 59 (4): 253–4. PMID 19402293. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Stoller JK, Moodie D, Schiavone WA; et al. (1990). "Reduction of intrapulmonary shunt and resolution of digital clubbing associated with primary biliary cirrhosis after liver transplantation". Hepatology. 11 (1): 54–8. PMID 2295472. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Loredo JS, Fedullo PF, Piovella F, Moser KM (1996). "Digital clubbing associated with pulmonary artery sarcoma". Chest. 109 (6): 1651–3. PMID 8769527. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ West SG, Gilbreath RE, Lawless OJ (1981). "Painful clubbing and sarcoidosis". JAMA. 246 (12): 1338–9. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)
↑ Ehrlich RI, Gerston KF, Lalloo UG (1988). "Accelerated silicosis in a foundry shotblaster. A case report". S. Afr. Med. J. 73 (2): 128–30. PMID 3340919. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

Template:WH Template:WS

[pmid16721260-1] Alonso-Bartolomé P, Martínez-Taboada VM, Pina T, Blanco R, Rodriguez-Valverde V (2006). "Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy secondary to vascular prosthesis infection: report of 3 cases and review of the literature". Medicine (Baltimore). 85 (3): 183–91. doi:10.1097/01.md.0000224714.27508.8b. PMID 16721260. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[2] Sridhar KS, Lobo CF, Altman RD. Digital clubbing and lung cancer. Chest 1998;114:1535-37. PMID 9872183

[pmid18238953-3] Schuller A, Cottin V, Hot A, Cordier JF (2008). "Finger clubbing and altered carbon monoxide transfer capacity in cannabis smokers". Eur. Respir. J. 31 (2): 473–4. doi:10.1183/09031936.00150907. PMID 18238953. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid16238129-4] Gajewska J, Ambroszkiewicz J, Hozyasz KK (2005). "[The impairement of bone formation and resorption in 25-year-old man with neglected celiac disease]". Wiad. Lek. (in Polish). 58 (5–6): 338–41. PMID 16238129.

[pmid3909407-5] Pineda CJ, Guerra J, Weisman MH, Resnick D, Martinez-Lavin M (1985). "The skeletal manifestations of clubbing: a study in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy". Semin. Arthritis Rheum. 14 (4): 263–73. PMID 3909407. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid16504602-6] Van Ginderdeuren F, Van Cauwelaert K, Malfroot A (2006). "Influence of digital clubbing on oxygen saturation measurements by pulse-oximetry in cystic fibrosis patients". J. Cyst. Fibros. 5 (2): 125–8. doi:10.1016/j.jcf.2006.01.007. PMID 16504602. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid18843516-7] Ozdemir B, Sentürk T, Kaderli AA; et al. (2008). "Postoperative regression of clubbing at an unexpected rate in a patient with aortic and mitral valve replacement due to infective endocarditis". Ir J Med Sci. doi:10.1007/s11845-008-0231-2. PMID 18843516. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid5553121-8] Mullins GM, Lenhard RE (1971). "Digital clubbing in Hodgkin's disease". Johns Hopkins Med J. 128 (3): 153–7. PMID 5553121. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid17273583-9] Moreira Jda S, Camargo Jde J, Felicetti JC, Goldenfun PR, Moreira AL, Porto Nda S (2006). "Lung abscess: analysis of 252 consecutive cases diagnosed between 1968 and 2004". J Bras Pneumol. 32 (2): 136–43. PMID 17273583.

[pmid16314744-10] Thompson MA, Warner NB, Hwu WJ (2005). "Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy associated with metastatic melanoma". Melanoma Res. 15 (6): 559–61. PMID 16314744. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid9659538-11] McGavin C, Hughes P (1998). "Finger clubbing in malignant mesothelioma and benign asbestos pleural disease". Respir Med. 92 (4): 691–2. PMID 9659538. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid18038138-12] Saghafi M, Azarian A, Nohesara N (2008). "Primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy with myelofibrosis". Rheumatol. Int. 28 (6): 597–600. doi:10.1007/s00296-007-0477-4. PMID 18038138. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid19402293-13] Ali N, Abbasi AN, Karsan F, Hashmi R, Badar QA, Sheikh AJ (2009). "A case of finger clubbing associated with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in a young girl, and review of pathophysiology". J Pak Med Assoc. 59 (4): 253–4. PMID 19402293. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid2295472-14] Stoller JK, Moodie D, Schiavone WA; et al. (1990). "Reduction of intrapulmonary shunt and resolution of digital clubbing associated with primary biliary cirrhosis after liver transplantation". Hepatology. 11 (1): 54–8. PMID 2295472. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid8769527-15] Loredo JS, Fedullo PF, Piovella F, Moser KM (1996). "Digital clubbing associated with pulmonary artery sarcoma". Chest. 109 (6): 1651–3. PMID 8769527. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid-16] West SG, Gilbreath RE, Lawless OJ (1981). "Painful clubbing and sarcoidosis". JAMA. 246 (12): 1338–9. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

[pmid3340919-17] Ehrlich RI, Gerston KF, Lalloo UG (1988). "Accelerated silicosis in a foundry shotblaster. A case report". S. Afr. Med. J. 73 (2): 128–30. PMID 3340919. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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Clubbing causes

Overview

Causes

Life Threatening Causes

Common Causes

Causes by Organ System

Causes in Alphabetical Order

References

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