Chronic hypertension
Classification
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Hypertension Main page |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, M.D.; Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Assistant Editor-In-Chief: Taylor Palmieri
Synonyms and keywords: High blood pressure; HBP; HTN; systemic hypertension; raised blood pressure; hyperpiesis
Overview
Definition
Arterial blood pressure (BP) is a measure of the force exerted by the blood on the arterial walls. It is the function of both the cardiac output (CO) and the systemic vascular resistance (SVR). The maintenance of a normal blood pressure value is crucial to ensure appropriate blood circulation throughout the cardiovascular system. Arterial BP is considered one of the most important vital signs in the clinical setting.
Hypertension (HTN) is generally defined as an elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) ≥ 90 mmHg at each of two or more visits.[1] However, target BP values are set at a lower threshold in specific populations, such as diabetics and subjects with significant proteinuria and other renal diseases.
Classification
Pathophysiology
Causes
Differentiating Hypertension from other Disorders
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Screening
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Blood Pressure Measurement | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Electrocardiogram | Chest X ray | CT | MRI | Echocardiography or Ultrasound | Renal Arteriography | Other Imaging Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Lifestyle Modification | Medical Therapy
Landmark Trials
Special Populations
Pregnancy | Diabetes | Cyclosporin
Case Studies
- ↑ Cuddy ML (2005). "Treatment of hypertension: guidelines from JNC 7 (the seventh report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure 1)". J Pract Nurs. 55 (4): 17–21, quiz 22-3. PMID 16512265.