Chronic cholecystitis history and symptoms
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Aditya Govindavarjhulla, M.B.B.S. [2]
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Overview
Cholecystitis usually presents as a pain in the right upper quadrant. This is usually a constant, severe pain. The pain may be felt to 'refer' to the right flank or right scapular region at first. This is usually accompanied by a low grade fever, vomiting and nausea. More severe symptoms such as high fever, shock and jaundice indicate the development of complications such as abscess formation, perforation or ascending cholangitis. Another complication, gallstone ileus, occurs if the gallbladder perforates and forms a fistula with the nearby small bowel, leading to symptoms of intestinal obstruction.
Chronic cholecystitis manifests with non-specific symptoms such as nausea, vague abdominal pain, belching, and diarrhea.
History and Symptoms
The hallmark of chronic cholecystitis is biliary colic. A positive history of biliary colic, nausea and vomiting are suggestive of chronic cholecystitis. The most common symptoms of chronic cholecystitis are right upper quadrant abdominal or epigastric pain, pain is usually prolonged and there is a positive history of pain after ingestion of heavy fatty meals. The pain is severe and steady and may radiate to the back or right shoulder.
History
Patients with chronic cholecystitis may have the positive family history of:
- Previous episodes of Right upper quadrant or epigastric pain [1][2][3]
- Opioids and estrogen use
- Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Infections such as:
- Rapid weight loss or hospitalization
Symptoms
Acute Cholecystitis
The main symptom is abdominal pain that is located on the upper right side or upper middle of the abdomen. The pain may:
- Be sharp, cramping, or dull
- Come and go
- Spread to the back or below the right shoulder blade
- Be worse after eating fatty or greasy foods
- Occur within minutes of a meal
Other symptoms that may occur include:
- Abdominal fullness
- Clay-colored stools
- Excess gas
- Fever
- Heartburn
- Indigestion
- Nausea and vomiting
- Yellowing of skin and whites of the eyes (jaundice)
Chronic Cholecystitis
- Attacks of upper abdominal pain
- Belching
- Diarrhea
- Nausea or vomiting
References
- ↑ Jones MW, Ferguson T. PMID 29262051. Missing or empty
|title=(help) - ↑ [+https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470236/#article-19521.s1 "Gallbladder, Cholecystitis, Chronic - StatPearls - NCBI Bookshelf"] Check
|url=value (help). - ↑ "Cholecystitis - ScienceDirect".