Cardiomegaly differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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*Expiration: If the chest x-ray is obtained during expiration, the lung volume will be decreased and the cardiac size and aortic size will be relatively increased. The traditional metrics used to diagnose cardiomegaly do not apply in this case. | *Expiration: If the chest x-ray is obtained during expiration, the lung volume will be decreased and the cardiac size and aortic size will be relatively increased. The traditional metrics used to diagnose cardiomegaly do not apply in this case. | ||
*[[Kyphoscoliosis]] | *[[Kyphoscoliosis]] | ||
*[[Mediastinal mass]] | |||
*[[Pectus excavatum]] | *[[Pectus excavatum]] | ||
*[[Pulmonary blastoma]]<ref>http://casereports.bmj.com/content/2013/bcr-2013-010179.full.pdf</ref> | *[[Pulmonary blastoma]]<ref>http://casereports.bmj.com/content/2013/bcr-2013-010179.full.pdf</ref> | ||
Revision as of 12:05, 9 August 2013
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Cardiomegaly Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
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Cardiomegaly differential diagnosis On the Web |
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Directions to Hospitals Treating Cardiomegaly differential diagnosis |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Cardiomegaly differential diagnosis |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
Synonyms and keywords: pseudo-cardiomegaly; pseudocardiomegaly
Overview
Cardiomegaly must be distinguished from pseudo-cardiomegaly, a scenario in which the apparent size of the heart is artificially increased. Disorders and conditions which falsely increase the apparent size of the heart include straight back syndrome, a disorder in which the heart is "pancaked" or compressed; and obtaining the chest x-ray during expiration at which time the diameter of the lungs is decreased and the relative diameter of the heart and aorta is increased.
Diseases From Which Cardiomegaly Must Be Distinguished
- Epicardial fat pad
- Expiration: If the chest x-ray is obtained during expiration, the lung volume will be decreased and the cardiac size and aortic size will be relatively increased. The traditional metrics used to diagnose cardiomegaly do not apply in this case.
- Kyphoscoliosis
- Mediastinal mass
- Pectus excavatum
- Pulmonary blastoma[1]
- Straight back syndrome with pancake heart: This can cause a leftward shift of the heart on the chest x-ray. The heart can be "pancaked" or compressed.
- Thymus tumor
Differentiating Cardiomegaly from other Diseases
In alphabetical order. [2] [3]
- Acromegaly
- Alcoholic cardiomyopathy
- Amyloidosis
- Anemia
- Atrial myxoma
- Carcinoid
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Congenital heart disease
- Congestive Heart Failure
- Cor pulmonale
- Drugs
- Endocardial fibroelastosis
- Epicardial fat pad
- Fabry's disease
- Hemochromatosis
- Hurler's syndrome
- Hyperparathyroidism
- Hypertension
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Hypocalcemia
- Hypomagnesemia
- Hypoparathyroidism
- Hypophosphatemia
- Idiopathic cardiomyopathy
- Ischemic heart disease
- Kyphoscoliosis
- Marfan's syndrome
- Mediastinal mass
- Myocarditis
- Normal athletic heart
- Pompe's disease
- Postradiation
- Pregnancy
- Primary pulmonary hypertension
- Pulmonary embolism
- Renal failure: Acute renal failure and chronic renal failure
- Scleroderma
- Sickle cell disease
- Subacute bacterial endocarditis
- Systemic lupus erythematosus
- Valvular heart disease
Differential Diagnosis of Specific Chamber Enlargements
Left Atrial Enlargement
- Atrial aneurysm
- Infective endocarditis
- Left heart failure
- Mitral regurgitation
- Mitral stenosis
- Mitral valve prolapse
- Myxedma
- Patent ductus arteriosus
- Ventricular septal defect
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
- Acromegaly
- Alcoholic cardiomyopathy
- Aortic coarctation
- Aortic regurgitation
- Aortic stenosis
- Chronic Renal Failure
- Familial dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
- Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)
- Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
- Mitral regurgitation
- Patent ductus arteriosus
- Restrictive cardiomyopathy
- Thalassemia
Right Atrial Enlargement
- Atrial aneurysm
- Atrial septal defect
- Ebstein's anomaly
- Pulmonic stenosis
- Right heart failure
- Tricuspid prolapse
- Tricuspid regurgitation
- Tricuspid stenosis
- Tumor
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
- Atrial septal defect
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
- Cor pulmonale
- Eisenmenger's Syndrome
- Left ventricular hypertrophy or Left ventricular dilation
- Mitral stenosis
- Pickwickian syndrome
- Pulmonic regurgitation
- Pulmonic stenosis
- Tetralogy of fallot
- Transposition of the great vessels
- Tricuspid regurgitation
- Ventricular septal defect
References
- ↑ http://casereports.bmj.com/content/2013/bcr-2013-010179.full.pdf
- ↑ Sailer, Christian, Wasner, Susanne. Differential Diagnosis Pocket. Hermosa Beach, CA: Borm Bruckmeir Publishing LLC, 2002:77 ISBN 1591032016
- ↑ Kahan, Scott, Smith, Ellen G. In A Page: Signs and Symptoms. Malden, Massachusetts: Blackwell Publishing, 2004:68 ISBN 140510368X