Carboxypeptidase B2
| Carboxypeptidase B2 (plasma) | |||||||||||
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| Symbols | CPB2 ; PCPB; CPU; TAFI | ||||||||||
| External IDs | Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 55610 | ||||||||||
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| Species | Human | Mouse | |||||||||
| Entrez | n/a | n/a | |||||||||
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| RefSeq (mRNA) | n/a | n/a | |||||||||
| RefSeq (protein) | n/a | n/a | |||||||||
| Location (UCSC) | n/a | n/a | |||||||||
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Carboxypeptidase B2 (plasma), also known as CPB2, is a human gene.
Carboxypeptidases are enzymes that hydrolyze C-terminal peptide bonds. The carboxypeptidase family includes metallo-, serine, and cysteine carboxypeptidases. According to their substrate specificity, these enzymes are referred to as carboxypeptidase A (cleaving aliphatic residues) or carboxypeptidase B (cleaving basic amino residues). The protein encoded by this gene is activated by trypsin and acts on carboxypeptidase B substrates. After thrombin activation, the mature protein downregulates fibrinolysis. Polymorphisms have been described for this gene and its promoter region. Available sequence data analyses indicate splice variants that encode different isoforms.[1]
See also
References
Further reading
- Bouma BN, Mosnier LO (2005). "Thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) at the interface between coagulation and fibrinolysis". Pathophysiol. Haemost. Thromb. 33 (5–6): 375–81. doi:10.1159/000083832. PMID 15692247.
- Marinkovic DV, Marinkovic JN, Erdös EG, Robinson CJ (1977). "Purification of carboxypeptidase B from human pancreas". Biochem. J. 163 (2): 253–60. PMID 17398.
- Tsai SP, Drayna D (1992). "The gene encoding human plasma carboxypeptidase B (CPB2) resides on chromosome 13". Genomics. 14 (2): 549–50. PMID 1427879.
- Eaton DL, Malloy BE, Tsai SP; et al. (1991). "Isolation, molecular cloning, and partial characterization of a novel carboxypeptidase B from human plasma". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (32): 21833–8. PMID 1939207.
- Pascual R, Burgos FJ, Salva M; et al. (1989). "Purification and properties of five different forms of human procarboxypeptidases". Eur. J. Biochem. 179 (3): 609–16. PMID 2920728.
- Valnickova Z, Thogersen IB, Christensen S; et al. (1996). "Activated human plasma carboxypeptidase B is retained in the blood by binding to alpha2-macroglobulin and pregnancy zone protein". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (22): 12937–43. PMID 8662763.
- Bajzar L, Morser J, Nesheim M (1996). "TAFI, or plasma procarboxypeptidase B, couples the coagulation and fibrinolytic cascades through the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex". J. Biol. Chem. 271 (28): 16603–8. PMID 8663147.
- Vanhoof G, Wauters J, Schatteman K; et al. (1997). "The gene for human carboxypeptidase U (CPU)--a proposed novel regulator of plasminogen activation--maps to 13q14.11". Genomics. 38 (3): 454–5. doi:10.1006/geno.1996.0656. PMID 8975730.
- Zhao L, Morser J, Bajzar L; et al. (1999). "Identification and characterization of two thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor isoforms". Thromb. Haemost. 80 (6): 949–55. PMID 9869166.
- Boffa MB, Reid TS, Joo E; et al. (1999). "Characterization of the gene encoding human TAFI (thrombin-activable fibrinolysis inhibitor; plasma procarboxypeptidase B)". Biochemistry. 38 (20): 6547–58. doi:10.1021/bi990229v. PMID 10350473.
- Matsumoto A, Itoh K, Matsumoto R (2000). "A novel carboxypeptidase B that processes native beta-amyloid precursor protein is present in human hippocampus". Eur. J. Neurosci. 12 (1): 227–38. PMID 10651877.
- Marx PF, Hackeng TM, Dawson PE; et al. (2000). "Inactivation of active thrombin-activable fibrinolysis inhibitor takes place by a process that involves conformational instability rather than proteolytic cleavage". J. Biol. Chem. 275 (17): 12410–5. PMID 10777524.
- Mosnier LO, Lisman T, van den Berg HM; et al. (2002). "The defective down regulation of fibrinolysis in haemophilia A can be restored by increasing the TAFI plasma concentration". Thromb. Haemost. 86 (4): 1035–9. PMID 11686321.
- Mosnier LO, Meijers JC, Bouma BN (2002). "The role of protein S in the activation of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) and regulation of fibrinolysis". Thromb. Haemost. 86 (4): 1040–6. PMID 11686322.
- Mosnier LO, Elisen MG, Bouma BN, Meijers JC (2002). "Protein C inhibitor regulates the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex in the up- and down regulation of TAFI activation". Thromb. Haemost. 86 (4): 1057–64. PMID 11686324.
- Morange PE, Aillaud MF, Nicaud V; et al. (2002). "Ala147Thr and C+1542G polymorphisms in the TAFI gene are not asssociated with a higher risk of venous thrombosis in FV Leiden carriers". Thromb. Haemost. 86 (6): 1583–4. PMID 11776333.
- Schneider M, Nagashima M, Knappe S; et al. (2002). "Amino acid residues in the P6-P'3 region of thrombin-activable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI) do not determine the thrombomodulin dependence of TAFI activation". J. Biol. Chem. 277 (12): 9944–51. doi:10.1074/jbc.M111685200. PMID 11786552.
- Koschinsky ML, Boffa MB, Nesheim ME; et al. (2002). "Association of a single nucleotide polymorphism in CPB2 encoding the thrombin-activable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAF1) with blood pressure". Clin. Genet. 60 (5): 345–9. PMID 11903334.
- Yano Y, Gabazza EC, Hori Y; et al. (2002). "Association between plasma thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor levels and activated protein C in normotensive type 2 diabetic patients". Diabetes Care. 25 (7): 1245–6. PMID 12087030.
- Antovic JP, Blombäck M (2003). "Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor antigen and TAFI activity in patients with APC resistance caused by factor V Leiden mutation". Thromb. Res. 106 (1): 59–62. PMID 12165290.
This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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