Capillary leak syndrome
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-In-Chief: M. Hassan, M.B.B.S
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Synonyms and Keywords: Systemic capillary leak syndrome; SCLS; Clarkson's disease.
Overview
Historical Perspective
Capillary leak syndrome was first described by B. Clarkson in 1960, and was named after him.
Numerous case reports on capillary leak syndrome are published since then.
Between 1960 to 2006, a hundred cases of capillary leak syndrome were reported in the world literature, and additional 26 cases were published since 2006.
Pathophysiology
The pathogenesis of capillary leak syndrome remain unclear, however, cytokines, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), leukotrienes, and complement play an important role. During each episode of hyperpermeability of the vasculature, there is an increase of interleukin 2 receptor-positive peripheral blood M-cell count, as well as apoptosis of the endothelial cells.
Causes
Differentiating Capillary leak syndrome from other Diseases
Epidemiology and Demographics
Risk Factors
Natural History, Complications and Prognosis
Diagnosis
History and Symptoms | Physical Examination | Laboratory Findings | Other Diagnostic Studies
Treatment
Medical Therapy | Prevention | Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy | Future or Investigational Therapies