Candida vulvovaginitis physical examination: Difference between revisions

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{{Candidiasis}}
{{Candida vulvovaginitis}}
{{CMG}};{{AE}} {{KS}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}}{{KS}}, {{DN}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
 
[[Candida]] [[vulvovaginitis]] requires a careful examination of the external genitalia, the vaginal sidewalls, as well as the cervix.
==Physical Examination==
==Physical Examination==
In [[immunocompetent]] people, candidiasis can usually only be found in exposed and moist parts of the body, such as:
[[Candida]] [[vulvovaginitis]] requires a careful examination of the [[external genitalia]], the vaginal sidewalls and the [[cervix]]. Signs include:<ref name="pmid97946643">{{cite journal| author=Eckert LO, Hawes SE, Stevens CE, Koutsky LA, Eschenbach DA, Holmes KK| title=Vulvovaginal candidiasis: clinical manifestations, risk factors, management algorithm. | journal=Obstet Gynecol | year= 1998 | volume= 92 | issue= 5 | pages= 757-65 | pmid=9794664 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=9794664 }}</ref><ref name="pmid16990387">{{cite journal |vauthors=Eckert LO |title=Clinical practice. Acute vulvovaginitis |journal=N. Engl. J. Med. |volume=355 |issue=12 |pages=1244–52 |year=2006 |pmid=16990387 |doi=10.1056/NEJMcp053720 |url=}}</ref>  
* the [[oral cavity]] (oral thrush)
*[[Edema]] and [[erythema]] of the [[vulva]] and labia
* the [[vagina]] and/or [[vulva]] (vaginal candidiasis or thrush)
*[[Fissures]] and excoriations of the [[external genitalia]]
* folds of skin in the [[diaper]] area ([[diaper rash]])
*Thick whitish vaginal discharge adherent to the vaginal walls
* the nipples while breastfeeding
*[[Cervix]] is not affected and is normal
* the [[penis]] or [[foreskin]]
* the [[armpit]]
* the ear
* the skin around the [[nostrils]] or in the nostrils
Candidiasis is the second most common cause of [[vagina]]l irritation, or [[vaginitis]], and can also occur on the male genitals. In [[immunocompromised]] patients, the ''Candida'' infection can involve the [[esophageal candidiasis|esophagus]] and can become [[systemic]], causing a much more serious condition: [[fungemia]].
 
Children, mostly between the ages of 3 and 9 years, can be affected by chronic mouth yeast infections, normally seen around the mouth as white patches. However, this is not a common condition.
 
===Images===
<div align="left">
<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
Image:Oralcandi.JPG|Oral candidiasis on the [[tongue]] and soft [[palate]].
Image:Oral candidiasis.jpg|Oral manifestations of HIV infection and AIDS. Chronic oral candidiasis in patient with AIDS. <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
</gallery>
</div>
 
<div align="left">
<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
Image:Oral candidiasis 2.jpg|Soft palate showing extensive oral candidiasis in patient with AIDS. <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
Image:Candidiasis 4.jpg|Oral candidiasis <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
</gallery>
</div>
 
<div align="left">
<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
Image:Candidiasis 5.jpg|Eczema secondary to candidiasis. <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
Image:Candidiasis 6.jpg|Candidiasis; skinfold. <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
</gallery>
</div>
 
<div align="left">
<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
Image:Erythematous candidiasis.jpg|Erythematous candidiasis. <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
Image:Genital candidiasis.jpg|Genital candidiasis. <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
</gallery>
</div>
 
<div align="left">
<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
Image:Candidiasis_Paronychia.jpg|Paronychia: Another manifestation of candidiasis. <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
Image:Interdigital candidiasis.jpg|Interdigital candidiasis. <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
</gallery>
</div>
 
<div align="left">
<gallery heights="175" widths="175">
Image:Candidiasis umblical cord.jpg|Candidiasis of umblical cord. White spots of colonies are present. <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
Image:Lung_candidiasis.jpg|Lung: Candidiasis. Postmortem findings. <small>Image courtesy of Professor Peter Anderson DVM PhD and published with permission. [http://www.peir.net © PEIR, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Pathology] </small>
</gallery>
</div>
====Skin folds====
<gallery>
 
Image:Candidiasis06.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis07.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis08.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis09.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/ Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis35.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/ Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis16.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis17.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/ Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis24.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis21.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis23.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
</gallery>
 
====Genitals====
<gallery>
Image:Candidiasis01.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis02.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis03.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">
{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis13.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis04.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis05.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis22.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis19.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis20.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis26.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis28.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis29.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis30.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis31.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis32.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis33.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis34.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis36.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis27.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis25.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
 
 
</gallery>
 
====Oral====
<gallery>
Image:Candidiasis10.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis11.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis12.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis14.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis15.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
Image:Candidiasis18.jpg|Candidiasis. <SMALL><SMALL>''[http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/  Adapted from Dermatology Atlas.]''<ref name="Dermatology Atlas">{{Cite web | title = Dermatology Atlas | url = http://www.atlasdermatologico.com.br/}}</ref></SMALL></SMALL>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
{{Reflist|2}}
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Latest revision as of 20:47, 29 July 2020

Candida vulvovaginitis Microchapters

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Kiran Singh, M.D. [2], Dima Nimri, M.D. [3]

Overview

Candida vulvovaginitis requires a careful examination of the external genitalia, the vaginal sidewalls, as well as the cervix.

Physical Examination

Candida vulvovaginitis requires a careful examination of the external genitalia, the vaginal sidewalls and the cervix. Signs include:[1][2]

References

  1. ↑ Eckert LO, Hawes SE, Stevens CE, Koutsky LA, Eschenbach DA, Holmes KK (1998). "Vulvovaginal candidiasis: clinical manifestations, risk factors, management algorithm". Obstet Gynecol. 92 (5): 757–65. PMID 9794664.
  2. ↑ Eckert LO (2006). "Clinical practice. Acute vulvovaginitis". N. Engl. J. Med. 355 (12): 1244–52. doi:10.1056/NEJMcp053720. PMID 16990387.

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