Bronchitis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

	Bronchitis Main page
Patient Information
Overview
Causes
Classification Acute bronchitis Chronic bronchitis
Differential Diagnosis

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Latest revision as of 17:16, 18 September 2017

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Seyedmahdi Pahlavani, M.D. [2]; Nate Michalak, B.A.

Overview

Bronchitis presents with respiratory symptoms, including cough and sputum production, as well as some constitutional symptoms.

History

Acute bronchitis presents with recent onset cough and fever, usually accompanied with constitutional symptoms.
Chronic bronchitis, by definition, is a chronic condition with productive cough and dyspnea lasting more than 3 months for 2 consecutive years.

Symptoms

Acute Bronchitis

Symptoms of acute bronchitis are typically related to irritation of airways. Constitutional symptoms may also be present.^[1]

Bronchial irritation symptoms:

Cough
Hoarseness
Phlegm production

Note that despite common sense, phlegm production does not necessarily indicate bacterial infection.^[1]

Constitutional Symptoms:

Chronic Bronchitis^[2]

Productive cough
Shortness of breath
Hemoptysis

Additional symptoms of chronic bronchitis include:

Peripheral edema
Cyanosis
Frequent respiratory infections (such as colds or the flu)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Albert RH (2010). "Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis". Am Fam Physician. 82 (11): 1345–50. PMID 21121518.
↑ U.S. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute - Signs and Symptoms

Template:WikiDoc Sources

[pmid21121518-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Albert RH (2010). "Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis". Am Fam Physician. 82 (11): 1345–50. PMID 21121518.

[2] U.S. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute - Signs and Symptoms

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{CMG}}
+__NOTOC__
+{{CMG}}{{AE}}{{MehdiP}}; {{NRM}}
 {{Bronchitis}}
 ==Overview==
-'''Bronchitis''' is an [[inflammation]] of the [[bronchus|bronchi]] (medium-size airways) in the [[lung]]s. ''[[Acute bronchitis]]'' is usually caused by [[virus]]es or [[bacteria]] and may present as cough with sputum that last several days or weeks (10 days). Other symptoms like shortness of breath, chest discomfort, and sore throat can also be found. '''Chronic bronchitis''' is not necessarily caused by infection and is generally part of a syndrome called [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]] (COPD); it is defined clinically as a persistent [[cough]] that produces [[sputum]] (phlegm) and mucus, for at least three months in two consecutive years. In late stages, the disease may present with blue discoloration of body ([[cyanosis]]) and difficulty in breathing ([[dyspnea]]).
+Bronchitis presents with respiratory symptoms, including [[cough]] and [[sputum]] production, as well as some constitutional symptoms.
 ==History==
-* [[Bronchitis]] is common in patients with a history of smoking, low socio-economic status, residing in industrial or heavy pollutant areas, and exposure to toxic substance. Thus, obtaining a personal and socio-economic history is very important.
+'''Acute bronchitis''' presents with recent onset [[cough]] and [[fever]], usually accompanied with constitutional symptoms.<br>'''Chronic bronchitis''', by definition, is a chronic condition with productive cough and [[dyspnea]] lasting more than 3 months for 2 consecutive years.
-* Bronchitis is usually a diagnosis of exclusion. Thus, past medical history to rule out asthma, and allergic history is important.
 ==Symptoms==
-===Acute bronchitis===
+===Acute Bronchitis===
-*[[Cough]] with [[sputum]] production (clear, yellow, green, or even blood-tinged) is the (commonest) symptom. Initially, it may be difficult to distinguish a acute bronchitis from upper respiratory tract infection. However, a cough lasting > 5 days indicates a diagnosis of Bronchitis. Cough usually last for 1-2 weeks in acute bronchitis. Even after [[acute bronchitis]] has cleared, you may have a dry, nagging [[cough]] that lingers for several weeks. A yellow-green sputum production is more likely to be a [[bacterial infection]].
+Symptoms of [[Acute bronchitis history and symptoms|acute bronchitis]] are typically related to irritation of airways. Constitutional symptoms may also be present.<ref name="pmid21121518">{{cite journal |vauthors=Albert RH |title=Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=82 |issue=11 |pages=1345–50 |year=2010 |pmid=21121518 |doi= |url=}}</ref>
-* [[Sore throat]], runny nose.
+* '''Bronchial irritation symptoms:'''
-*[[Fatigue]], muscle aches
+:*[[Cough]]
-*[[Fever]] -- uncommon and may suggest other diagnosis for instance pneumonia or Influenza.
+:*[[Hoarseness]]
-*[[Shortness of breath]], worsened by [[exertion]] or mild activity
+:*[[Phlegm]] production
-*[[Wheezing]]
+<font size="1">Note that despite common sense, phlegm production does not necessarily indicate bacterial infection.<ref name="pmid21121518">{{cite journal |vauthors=Albert RH |title=Diagnosis and treatment of acute bronchitis |journal=Am Fam Physician |volume=82 |issue=11 |pages=1345–50 |year=2010 |pmid=21121518 |doi= |url=}}</ref></font>
-*[[Chest discomfort]]
+* '''Constitutional Symptoms:'''
-* Difficulty in breathing and blue discoloration of extremities can be seen in late stages of the disease
+:*[[Chest pain]]
+:*[[Fever]]
+:*[[malaise]]
+:*[[Myalgia]]
-Additional symptoms of [[chronic bronchitis]] include:
+===Chronic Bronchitis<ref>[http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/dci/Diseases/Copd/Copd_SignsAndSymptoms.html U.S. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute - Signs and Symptoms]</ref>===
-*Ankle, feet, and leg [[swelling]]
+:*Productive cough
-*Blue-colored lips from low levels of [[oxygen]]
+:*Shortness of breath
-*Frequent [[respiratory]] [[infections]] (such as [[colds]] or the [[flu]])
+:*[[Hemoptysis]]
-===Additional symptoms based on different pathogens===
+:Additional symptoms of [[chronic bronchitis]] include:
-====Influenza virus====
+:*Peripheral [[edema]]
-* Fever, chills, headache, myalgia
+:*[[Cyanosis]]
-====Parainfluenza virus====
+:*Frequent [[respiratory]] [[infections]] (such as [[colds]] or the [[flu]])
-* Children may present with a hoarse, ringing cough and stridulous, difficult breathing
-* Common in autumn season
-* Common cause of outbreak in nursing homes.
-====Respiratory syncytial virus====
-* Common in winter and spring.
-* family history of exposure to an infant with bronchiolitis is important.
-====Rhinovirus====
-* Mild symptoms
-===Chronic bronchitis===
-* Cough with sputum expectoration for '''at least 3 months a year during a period of 2 consecutive years'''. The patient may give a history of seasonal worsening of cough (winters)followed by progression of cough from seasonal to perennial, increased frequency, duration and severity of symptoms.
-* Difficulty in breathing and blue discoloration of extremities can be seen in late stages of the disease.
-*[[Shortness of breath]], worsened by [[exertion]] or mild activity
-*[[Wheezing]]
-*[[Chest discomfort]]
 ==References==
@@ Line 52: / Line 39: @@
 [[Category:Pulmonology]]
 [[Category:General practice]]
-[[Category:Infectious disease]]
 [[Category:Overview complete]]