Bone conduction: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
 
m (Bot: Automated text replacement (-{{SIB}} + & -{{EH}} + & -{{EJ}} + & -{{Editor Help}} + & -{{Editor Join}} +))
 
Line 1: Line 1:
{{SI}}
{{SI}}
{{EH}}
 


'''Bone conduction''' is the conduction of [[sound]] to the inner [[ear]] through the [[bone]]s of the [[skull]].   
'''Bone conduction''' is the conduction of [[sound]] to the inner [[ear]] through the [[bone]]s of the [[skull]].   
Line 39: Line 39:
MacDonald, J., Henry, P. and Letowski, T. (2006). Spatial audio through a bone conduction interface. International Journal of Audiology, 45, 595-599.
MacDonald, J., Henry, P. and Letowski, T. (2006). Spatial audio through a bone conduction interface. International Journal of Audiology, 45, 595-599.


{{SIB}}
 
[[Category:Auditory system]]
[[Category:Auditory system]]
[[Category:Assistive technology]]
[[Category:Assistive technology]]

Latest revision as of 23:04, 8 August 2012

WikiDoc Resources for Bone conduction

Articles

Most recent articles on Bone conduction

Most cited articles on Bone conduction

Review articles on Bone conduction

Articles on Bone conduction in N Eng J Med, Lancet, BMJ

Media

Powerpoint slides on Bone conduction

Images of Bone conduction

Photos of Bone conduction

Podcasts & MP3s on Bone conduction

Videos on Bone conduction

Evidence Based Medicine

Cochrane Collaboration on Bone conduction

Bandolier on Bone conduction

TRIP on Bone conduction

Clinical Trials

Ongoing Trials on Bone conduction at Clinical Trials.gov

Trial results on Bone conduction

Clinical Trials on Bone conduction at Google

Guidelines / Policies / Govt

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse on Bone conduction

NICE Guidance on Bone conduction

NHS PRODIGY Guidance

FDA on Bone conduction

CDC on Bone conduction

Books

Books on Bone conduction

News

Bone conduction in the news

Be alerted to news on Bone conduction

News trends on Bone conduction

Commentary

Blogs on Bone conduction

Definitions

Definitions of Bone conduction

Patient Resources / Community

Patient resources on Bone conduction

Discussion groups on Bone conduction

Patient Handouts on Bone conduction

Directions to Hospitals Treating Bone conduction

Risk calculators and risk factors for Bone conduction

Healthcare Provider Resources

Symptoms of Bone conduction

Causes & Risk Factors for Bone conduction

Diagnostic studies for Bone conduction

Treatment of Bone conduction

Continuing Medical Education (CME)

CME Programs on Bone conduction

International

Bone conduction en Espanol

Bone conduction en Francais

Business

Bone conduction in the Marketplace

Patents on Bone conduction

Experimental / Informatics

List of terms related to Bone conduction


Bone conduction is the conduction of sound to the inner ear through the bones of the skull.

Bone conduction is the reason why a person's voice sounds different to him/her when it is recorded and played back. Bone conduction tends to amplify the lower frequencies, and so most people hear their own voice as being of a lower pitch than it actually is.

Some hearing aids employ bone conduction, achieving an effect equivalent to hearing directly by means of the ears. A headset is ergonomically positioned on the temple and cheek and the electromechanical transducer, which converts electric signals into mechanical vibrations, sends sound to the internal ear through the cranial bones. Likewise, a microphone can be used to record spoken sounds via bone conduction.


Bone conduction products are usually categorized into three groups

  • Ordinary products such as EARS-FREE headset or headphone
  • Hearing Aids and Assistive listening devices
  • Specialized communication products (i.e. underwater & high-noise environments)

Bone conduction products have following advantages over traditional headphones:

  • Ears-free, thus providing extended use comfort and safety
  • No electromagnetic waves (EMW), eliminating the potential effect of EMW on cerebrum (if any)
  • High sound clarity in very noisy environments, can be used with hearing protection
  • Can have the perception of stereo sound

There are some disadvantages:

  • Some implementations require more power than headphones
  • Less clear recording & playback than traditional headphones and microphone due to reduced frequency bandwidth

One example of a bone conduction speaker is a rubber over-moulded piezo-electric flexing disc about 40mm across and 6mm thick used by SCUBA divers. The connecting cable is moulded into the disc, resulting in a tough, water-proof assembly. In use the speaker is strapped against one of the dome-shaped bone protrusion behind the ear. As would be expected, the sound produced seems to come from inside the user's head, but can be surprisingly clear and crisp.

Bone conduction transmission can be used with individuals with normal or impaired hearing. There are several products on the market that exploit the bone conduction transmission pathway for sound. Some of these include the AquaFM and the SwiMP3 which are devices for transmitting sound to swimmers.

See also


nl:BAHA

References: MacDonald, J., Henry, P. and Letowski, T. (2006). Spatial audio through a bone conduction interface. International Journal of Audiology, 45, 595-599.

Template:WH Template:WS