Boerhaave syndrome medical therapy: Difference between revisions

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{{Boerhaave syndrome}}
{{Boerhaave syndrome}}
{{CMG}}
{{CMG}} {{AE}} {{DM}}, {{Ajay}}, {{FT}}, {{SHH}}
==Overview==
==Overview==
Conservative management of [[Boerhaave syndrome]] consists of [[intravenous fluids]], [[antibiotics]], [[Nasogastric aspiration|nasogastric suction]], keeping the patient [[NPO]], adequate drainage with tube thoracostomy or formal [[thoracotomy]].
==Medical Therapy==
==Medical Therapy==
Its treatment includes immediate [[antibiotic|antibiotic therapy]] to prevent [[mediastinitis]] and sepsis, surgical repair of the perforation,<ref name="pmid17220586">{{cite journal |author=Matsuda A, Miyashita M, Sasajima K, ''et al.'' |title=Boerhaave syndrome treated conservatively following early endoscopic diagnosis: a case report |journal=Journal of Nippon Medical School &#61; Nihon Ika Daigaku zasshi |volume=73 |issue=6 |pages=341–5 |year=2006 |pmid=17220586 |url=http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnms/73/6/73_341/_article|doi=10.1272/jnms.73.341}}</ref> and if there is significant fluid loss it should be replaced with [[intravenous therapy|IV fluid therapy]] since oral rehydration is not possible.  Even with early surgical intervention (within 24 hours) the risk of death is 25%.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Jougon J, Mc Bride T, Delcambre F, Minniti A, Velly JF |title=Primary esophageal repair for Boerhaave's syndrome whatever the free interval between perforation and treatment |journal=Eur J Cardiothorac Surg |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=475–9 |year=2004 |month=April |pmid=15037257 |doi=10.1016/j.ejcts.2003.12.029 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1010794003008170}}</ref>
Non-operative treatment is best approach for patients with a contained perforation and the absence of clinical [[mediastinitis]].<ref name="pmid20226056">{{cite journal |vauthors=Malik UF, Young R, Pham HD, McCon A, Shen B, Landres R, Mahmoud A |title=Chronic presentation of Boerhaave's syndrome |journal=BMC Gastroenterol |volume=10 |issue= |pages=29 |year=2010 |pmid=20226056 |pmc=2847967 |doi=10.1186/1471-230X-10-29 |url=}}</ref>


Conservative management consists of the following:
Conservative management of Boerhaave syndrome consists of: <ref name="pmid17220586">{{cite journal |author=Matsuda A, Miyashita M, Sasajima K, ''et al.'' |title=Boerhaave syndrome treated conservatively following early endoscopic diagnosis: a case report |journal=Journal of Nippon Medical School &#61; Nihon Ika Daigaku zasshi |volume=73 |issue=6 |pages=341–5 |year=2006 |pmid=17220586 |url=http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jnms/73/6/73_341/_article|doi=10.1272/jnms.73.341}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |author=Jougon J, Mc Bride T, Delcambre F, Minniti A, Velly JF |title=Primary esophageal repair for Boerhaave's syndrome whatever the free interval between perforation and treatment |journal=Eur J Cardiothorac Surg |volume=25 |issue=4 |pages=475–9 |year=2004 |month=April |pmid=15037257 |doi=10.1016/j.ejcts.2003.12.029 |url=http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1010794003008170}}</ref>
*Intravenous fluids should be instituted.
*[[Intravenous fluids]]
*Antibiotics: Imipenem/cilastatin (Primaxin) offers good broad-spectrum coverage.
*Antibiotics ([[Imipenem-Cilastatin|Imipenem/cilastatin]])  
*Nasogastric suction should be applied.
*[[Nasogastric aspiration|Nasogastric suction]]
*Keep the patient NPO.
*Keeping the patient [[NPO]]
*Adequate drainage with tube thoracostomy or formal thoracotomy is vital.
*Adequate drainage with tube thoracostomy or formal [[thoracotomy]]
*Early use of nutritional supplementation: Evidence suggests that for hastening recovery, a jejunostomy tube feeding may be favored over hyperalimentation.
The decision to use a conservative or surgical approach depends on the following factors:
* Delay in presentation and diagnosis
* Extent of perforation
* Overall medical condition of the patient


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
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[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[Category:Surgery]]

Latest revision as of 20:15, 17 February 2021

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mohamed Diab, MD [2], Ajay Gade MD[3]], Feham Tariq, MD [4], Shaghayegh Habibi, M.D.[5]

Overview

Conservative management of Boerhaave syndrome consists of intravenous fluids, antibiotics, nasogastric suction, keeping the patient NPO, adequate drainage with tube thoracostomy or formal thoracotomy.

Medical Therapy

Non-operative treatment is best approach for patients with a contained perforation and the absence of clinical mediastinitis.[1]

Conservative management of Boerhaave syndrome consists of: [2][3]

The decision to use a conservative or surgical approach depends on the following factors:

  • Delay in presentation and diagnosis
  • Extent of perforation
  • Overall medical condition of the patient

References

  1. Malik UF, Young R, Pham HD, McCon A, Shen B, Landres R, Mahmoud A (2010). "Chronic presentation of Boerhaave's syndrome". BMC Gastroenterol. 10: 29. doi:10.1186/1471-230X-10-29. PMC 2847967. PMID 20226056.
  2. Matsuda A, Miyashita M, Sasajima K; et al. (2006). "Boerhaave syndrome treated conservatively following early endoscopic diagnosis: a case report". Journal of Nippon Medical School = Nihon Ika Daigaku zasshi. 73 (6): 341–5. doi:10.1272/jnms.73.341. PMID 17220586.
  3. Jougon J, Mc Bride T, Delcambre F, Minniti A, Velly JF (2004). "Primary esophageal repair for Boerhaave's syndrome whatever the free interval between perforation and treatment". Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 25 (4): 475–9. doi:10.1016/j.ejcts.2003.12.029. PMID 15037257. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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