Bartter syndrome differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions

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==Overview==
==Overview==
[[Bartter syndrome]] diagnosis should be differentiated from other diseases manifesting with [[hypokalemia]] and [[metabolic alkalosis|hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis]] such as Gitelman syndrome, EAST syndrome also is known as SeSAME syndrome, [[Diuretic|Diuretic abuse]], [[vomiting|cyclical vomiting]], Hyperprostaglandin E syndrome(HPS), Familial [[hypomagnesemia]], [[cystic fibrosis]], Gullner syndrome, [[Mineralocorticoid]] excess, [[mutation|Activating mutation]] of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene, [[Hypomagnesemia]] is often associated with [[hypokalemia]], [[hypocalcemia]], and [[metabolic alkalosis]], Congenital chloride diarrhea, [[Hypochloremic alkalosis]] and [[Hypokalemia]]. Prolonged [[hypokalemia]] can lead to impaired ability of kidneys to concentrate urine, increased [[bicarbonate]] reabsorption.
==Differentiating Bartter syndrome from other Diseases==
==Differentiating Bartter syndrome from other Diseases==
[[Bartter syndrome]] diagnosis should be differentiated from other diseases manifesting with [[hypokalemia]] and [[metabolic alkalosis|hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis]].<ref>{{cite journal | author=Gitelman HJ, Graham JB, Welt LG | title=A new familial disorder characterized by hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia | journal=Trans Assoc Am Physicians | year=1966 | pages=221-35 | volume=79  | id=PMID 5929460}} </ref>
[[Bartter syndrome]] diagnosis should be differentiated from other diseases manifesting with [[hypokalemia]] and [[metabolic alkalosis|hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis]].<ref>{{cite journal | author=Gitelman HJ, Graham JB, Welt LG | title=A new familial disorder characterized by hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia | journal=Trans Assoc Am Physicians | year=1966 | pages=221-35 | volume=79  | id=PMID 5929460}} </ref>

Latest revision as of 19:52, 5 August 2020

Main article: Bartter syndrome

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Tayyaba Ali, M.D.[2]

Overview

Bartter syndrome diagnosis should be differentiated from other diseases manifesting with hypokalemia and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis such as Gitelman syndrome, EAST syndrome also is known as SeSAME syndrome, Diuretic abuse, cyclical vomiting, Hyperprostaglandin E syndrome(HPS), Familial hypomagnesemia, cystic fibrosis, Gullner syndrome, Mineralocorticoid excess, Activating mutation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene, Hypomagnesemia is often associated with hypokalemia, hypocalcemia, and metabolic alkalosis, Congenital chloride diarrhea, Hypochloremic alkalosis and Hypokalemia. Prolonged hypokalemia can lead to impaired ability of kidneys to concentrate urine, increased bicarbonate reabsorption.

Differentiating Bartter syndrome from other Diseases

Bartter syndrome diagnosis should be differentiated from other diseases manifesting with hypokalemia and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis.[1]

Disease Findings
Gitelman syndrome
EAST syndrome
Diuretic abuse
Cyclical vomiting
Hyperprostaglandin E syndrome
Familial hypomagnesemia with hypercalciuria/nephrocalcinosis
Cystic fibrosis
Gullner syndrome - Familial hypokalemic alkalosis with proximal tubulopathy
Mineralocorticoid excess
Activating mutations of the CaSR calcium-sensing receptor
  • Patients with activating mutation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene presents with potassium wasting, hypokalemia, and metabolic alkalosis, similar to Bartter syndrome.[26][27]
  • An activating (or gain-of-function) mutation of the calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) gene impairs the calcium balance in the body and cause hypocalcemia.
  • Activating mutation in the receptor increases the threshold for the receptor to detect the low calcium level. This causes the parathyroid hormone (PTH) to not release at serum calcium level that normally signals PTH release.[28][29][30]
Hypomagnesemia
Congenital chloride diarrhea
Hypochloremic alkalosis
Hypokalemia

References

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