Ascariasis history and symptoms: Difference between revisions

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{{Ascariasis}}
{{Ascariasis}}
{{CMG}}; '''Associate Editor-In-Chief:''' Imtiaz Ahmed Wani, [[M.B.B.S]]
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==Overview==
Ascariasis is often asymptomatic. It can sometimes present with pulmonary and abdominal symptoms which are usually mild, however, severe cases of ascariasis occasionally occur especially following mechanical obstruction of a [[viscus]].<ref name="Principles and Practice">Durand, Marlene (2015). "Chapter 288:Intestinal Nematodes (Roundworms)". Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Updated Edition, Eighth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 3199–3207. ISBN 978-1-4557-4801-3.</ref>
 
==History and Symptoms==
==History and Symptoms==
Patients can remain asymptomatic for very long periods of time. As larval stages travel through the body, they may cause visceral damage, [[peritonitis]] and [[inflammation]], enlargement of the [[liver]] or [[spleen]], toxicity, and [[pneumonia]]. A heavy worm infestation may cause nutritional deficiency; other complications, sometimes fatal, include obstruction of the bowel by a bolus of worms (observed particularly in children) and obstruction of the [[bile]] or [[pancreas|pancreatic]] duct. More than 796 Ascaris lumbricoides worms weighing 550&nbsp;[[gram|g]] [19 ounces] were recovered at autopsy from a 2-year-old South African girl. The worms had caused torsion and gangrene of the [[ileum]], which was interpreted as the cause of death{{ref|6}}.
The clinical symptoms vary and it is usually dependent on the worm burden and the involved organ.<ref name="Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics">Kliegman, Robert; Stanton, Bonita; St. Geme, Joseph; Schor, Nina (2016). "Chapter 291:Ascariasis (Ascaris lumbricoides)". Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics Twentieth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 1733–1734. ISBN 978-1-4557-7566-8.</ref>  The patient can present with the following signs and symptoms:<ref name="Principles and Practice">Durand, Marlene (2015). "Chapter 288:Intestinal Nematodes (Roundworms)". Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Updated Edition, Eighth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 3199–3207. ISBN 978-1-4557-4801-3.</ref><ref name="Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics">Kliegman, Robert; Stanton, Bonita; St. Geme, Joseph; Schor, Nina (2016). "Chapter 291:Ascariasis (Ascaris lumbricoides)". Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics Twentieth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 1733–1734. ISBN 978-1-4557-7566-8.</ref


Ascaris takes most of its nutrients from the partially digested host food in the [[intestine]].  There is limited evidence that it can also pierce the intestinal mucous membrane and feed on blood, but this is not its usual source of nutrition.[http://www.path.cam.ac.uk/~schisto/Nematodes/Ascaris.html] As a result, Ascaris infection does not produce the[[anemia]] associated with some other [[roundworm]] infections.  
* It is often asymptomatic
* Pulmonary symptoms from immune-mediated hypersensitivity response can occur in the 2nd week after egg ingestion, and these symptoms can include:
# A low-grade [[fever]]
# A non-productive [[cough]]
# [[Chest discomfort]]
# [[Dyspnea]] in severe cases
# [[Eosinophilic pneumonia]] ([[löffler's syndrome]]) in severe cases- This can present with [[dyspnea]] and [[wheezing]]
* Mild abdominal discomfort
* [[Dyspepsia]]
* Loss of appetite
*[[ Nausea]]
* Passage of worms in vomitus or stool
* [[Poor growth]] and [[malnutrition]] may occur in children
* Mechanical obstruction by the worm can result in signs and symptoms of [[intestinal obstruction]], bile and [[pancreatic duct]] obstruction, and [[appendicitis]]
* Signs and symptoms of a complicated mechanical obstruction can occur such as perforation, [[intussusception]], [[volvulus]].


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}


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[[de:Spulwurm]]
[[Category:Disease]]
[[es:Ascaris lumbricoides]]
[[Category:Up-To-Date]]
[[fr:Ascaridiose]]
[[Category:Gastroenterology]]
[[hu:Orsóférgek]]
[[Category:Emergency medicine]]
[[io:Askaridiko]]
[[id:Askariasis]]
[[it:Ascaridiasi]]
[[ja:回虫]]
[[nl:Spoelworm]]
[[ps:اسکاريس لومبريکويډېس]]
[[pt:Ascaridíase]]
[[sk:Hlísta detská]]
[[zh:蛔虫病]]
 
 
 
[[Category:Parasitic diseases]]
[[Category:Foodborne illnesses]]
[[Category:Neglected diseases]]
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Latest revision as of 20:28, 29 July 2020

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Fatimo Biobaku M.B.B.S [2]

Overview

Ascariasis is often asymptomatic. It can sometimes present with pulmonary and abdominal symptoms which are usually mild, however, severe cases of ascariasis occasionally occur especially following mechanical obstruction of a viscus.[1]

History and Symptoms

The clinical symptoms vary and it is usually dependent on the worm burden and the involved organ.[2] The patient can present with the following signs and symptoms:[1][2]

  • It is often asymptomatic
  • Pulmonary symptoms from immune-mediated hypersensitivity response can occur in the 2nd week after egg ingestion, and these symptoms can include:
  1. A low-grade fever
  2. A non-productive cough
  3. Chest discomfort
  4. Dyspnea in severe cases
  5. Eosinophilic pneumonia (löffler's syndrome) in severe cases- This can present with dyspnea and wheezing

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Durand, Marlene (2015). "Chapter 288:Intestinal Nematodes (Roundworms)". Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases Updated Edition, Eighth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 3199–3207. ISBN 978-1-4557-4801-3.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Kliegman, Robert; Stanton, Bonita; St. Geme, Joseph; Schor, Nina (2016). "Chapter 291:Ascariasis (Ascaris lumbricoides)". Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics Twentieth Edition. Elsevier. pp. 1733–1734. ISBN 978-1-4557-7566-8.


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