Arnold-Chiari malformation history and symptoms

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]

Overview

The hallmark of [disease name] is [finding]. A positive history of [finding 1] and [finding 2] is suggestive of [disease name]. The most common symptoms of Arnold-Chiari malformation is headache, arm pain and weakness, neck pain, nausea and vomiting, balance problem, dizziness and ear ringing.

History and Symptoms

Common Symptoms

• Common symptoms of Arnold-Chiari malformation type 1 and 2 include:
  • In infants
    • Stridor
    • Swallowing difficulties

• • In older children
    • Limb weakness
    • Dizziness
    • Vertigo
    • Neuropathic pain
    • Pain at the point of tethering
    • Visual disturbances
    • Difficulty swallowing
    • Ringing in the ears
    • Sleep apnea
    • Impaired fine motor skills
    • Muscle weakness
    • Palpitations
    • Excessive clearing of the throat with no obstructions

NOTE: Patients may experience no symptoms or remain asymptomatic until early adulthood at which point they will often experience severe headaches and neck pain.

NOTE: Some patients may go an entire lifetime without having noticeable symptoms. Or, symptoms can be minimal, then turn severe suddenly due to head trauma which alters the condition of the spine, brain, or cerebellar tonsils and begins to cause more difficulties.

• Common symptoms of Arnold-Chiari malformation type 3 and 4 include:
  • Respiratory failure in infancy
  • Seizure (epilepsy)
  • Mental retardation
  • Flaccid or spastic paralysis
  • Sever neurological problems

    

    Source: Fahimeh Shojaei, M.D.

Less Common Symptoms

Less common symptoms of Arnold-Chiari malformation include:

• Fatigue
• Breathing difficulties

References

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