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==Overview==
==Overview==
The [[symptoms]] of aortic dissection usually develop in the fifth decade of life and start with [[symptoms]] such as sudden onset [[Chest pain|chest]]/[[back pain]]. If left untreated, [[patients]] with aortic dissection may progress to develop [[aortic regurgitation]], [[myocardial ischemia]], and [[cardiac tamponade]]. The [[complications]] of aortic dissection include but not limited to [[aortic rupture]], [[pericardial tamponade]], [[myocardial ischemia]], compression of nearby organs and etc. Aortic dissection carries a poor [[prognosis]]. [[Mortality rate]] differs based on the type of dissection and is higher in type A compared to type B (25% versus 12%).
The [[symptoms]] of aortic dissection usually develop in the fifth decade of life and start with [[symptoms]] such as sudden onset [[Chest pain|chest]]/[[back pain]]. If left untreated, [[patients]] with aortic dissection may progress to develop [[aortic regurgitation]], [[myocardial ischemia]], and [[cardiac tamponade]]. The [[complications]] of aortic dissection include but not limited to [[aortic rupture]], [[pericardial tamponade]], [[myocardial ischemia]], compression of nearby organs and etc. Aortic dissection carries a poor [[prognosis]]. [[Mortality rate]] differs based on the type of dissection and is higher in type A compared to type B (25% versus 12%).
== Natural History ==
== Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis ==
<br />
 
*The [[symptoms]] of aortic dissection usually develop in the fifth decade of life and start with [[symptoms]] such as sudden onset [[Chest pain|chest]]/[[back pain]].<ref name="JuangBraverman2008">{{cite journal|last1=Juang|first1=Derek|last2=Braverman|first2=Alan C.|last3=Eagle|first3=Kim|title=Aortic Dissection|journal=Circulation|volume=118|issue=14|year=2008|issn=0009-7322|doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.799908}}</ref>
*The [[symptoms]] of aortic dissection usually develop in the fifth decade of life and start with [[symptoms]] such as sudden onset [[Chest pain|chest]]/[[back pain]].<ref name="JuangBraverman2008">{{cite journal|last1=Juang|first1=Derek|last2=Braverman|first2=Alan C.|last3=Eagle|first3=Kim|title=Aortic Dissection|journal=Circulation|volume=118|issue=14|year=2008|issn=0009-7322|doi=10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.799908}}</ref>
*If left untreated, [[patients]] with aortic dissection may progress to develop [[aortic regurgitation]], [[myocardial ischemia]], and [[cardiac tamponade]].
*If left untreated, [[patients]] with aortic dissection may progress to develop [[aortic regurgitation]], [[myocardial ischemia]], and [[cardiac tamponade]].
==Complications==
 
===Complications===
The complications of aortic dissection include:<ref name="CambriaBrewster1988">{{cite journal|last1=Cambria|first1=Richard P.|last2=Brewster|first2=David C.|last3=Gertler|first3=Jonathan|last4=Moncure|first4=Ashby C.|last5=Gusberg|first5=Richard|last6=Tilson|first6=M.David|last7=Darling|first7=R.Clement|last8=Hammond|first8=Grahme|last9=Megerman|first9=Joseph|last10=Abbott|first10=William M.|title=Vascular complications associated with spontaneous aortic dissection|journal=Journal of Vascular Surgery|volume=7|issue=2|year=1988|pages=199–209|issn=07415214|doi=10.1016/0741-5214(88)90137-1}}</ref><ref name="FadahunsiRomeo2014">{{cite journal|last1=Fadahunsi|first1=Opeyemi|last2=Romeo|first2=Michael|title=Cardiac tamponade – presentation of type A aortic dissection|journal=Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives|volume=4|issue=5|year=2014|pages=25449|issn=2000-9666|doi=10.3402/jchimp.v4.25449}}</ref><ref name="CaiCao2012">{{cite journal|last1=Cai|first1=Jingjing|last2=Cao|first2=Yu|last3=Yuan|first3=Hong|last4=Yang|first4=Kan|last5=Zhu|first5=Yuan-Shan|title=Inferior myocardial infarction secondary to aortic dissection associated with bicuspid aortic valve|journal=Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research|volume=3|issue=2|year=2012|pages=138–142|issn=09753583|doi=10.4103/0975-3583.95370}}</ref><ref name="SiegelmanSprayregen1970">{{cite journal|last1=Siegelman|first1=Stanley S.|last2=Sprayregen|first2=Seymour|last3=Strasberg|first3=Zeno|last4=Attai|first4=Lari A.|last5=Robinson|first5=George|title=Aortic Dissection and the Left Renal Artery|journal=Radiology|volume=95|issue=1|year=1970|pages=73–78|issn=0033-8419|doi=10.1148/95.1.73}}</ref><ref name="BlancoDíez-Tejedor1999">{{cite journal|last1=Blanco|first1=M.|last2=Díez-Tejedor|first2=E.|last3=Larrea|first3=J. L.|last4=Ramírez|first4=U.|title=Neurologic complications of type I aortic dissection|journal=Acta Neurologica Scandinavica|volume=99|issue=4|year=1999|pages=232–235|issn=00016314|doi=10.1111/j.1600-0404.1999.tb07352.x}}</ref><ref name="ArataImagama2015">{{cite journal|last1=Arata|first1=Kenichi|last2=Imagama|first2=Itsumi|last3=Shigehisa|first3=Yoshiya|last4=Mukaihara|first4=Kousuke|last5=Toyokawa|first5=Kenji|last6=Matsuba|first6=Tomoyuki|last7=Imoto|first7=Yutaka|title=Aortic Fenestration for Type B Chronic Aortic Dissection Complicated with Lower Limb Malperfusion Induced by Walking Exercise|journal=Annals of Vascular Diseases|volume=8|issue=1|year=2015|pages=29–32|issn=1881-641X|doi=10.3400/avd.cr.14-00101}}</ref>
The complications of aortic dissection include:<ref name="CambriaBrewster1988">{{cite journal|last1=Cambria|first1=Richard P.|last2=Brewster|first2=David C.|last3=Gertler|first3=Jonathan|last4=Moncure|first4=Ashby C.|last5=Gusberg|first5=Richard|last6=Tilson|first6=M.David|last7=Darling|first7=R.Clement|last8=Hammond|first8=Grahme|last9=Megerman|first9=Joseph|last10=Abbott|first10=William M.|title=Vascular complications associated with spontaneous aortic dissection|journal=Journal of Vascular Surgery|volume=7|issue=2|year=1988|pages=199–209|issn=07415214|doi=10.1016/0741-5214(88)90137-1}}</ref><ref name="FadahunsiRomeo2014">{{cite journal|last1=Fadahunsi|first1=Opeyemi|last2=Romeo|first2=Michael|title=Cardiac tamponade – presentation of type A aortic dissection|journal=Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives|volume=4|issue=5|year=2014|pages=25449|issn=2000-9666|doi=10.3402/jchimp.v4.25449}}</ref><ref name="CaiCao2012">{{cite journal|last1=Cai|first1=Jingjing|last2=Cao|first2=Yu|last3=Yuan|first3=Hong|last4=Yang|first4=Kan|last5=Zhu|first5=Yuan-Shan|title=Inferior myocardial infarction secondary to aortic dissection associated with bicuspid aortic valve|journal=Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research|volume=3|issue=2|year=2012|pages=138–142|issn=09753583|doi=10.4103/0975-3583.95370}}</ref><ref name="SiegelmanSprayregen1970">{{cite journal|last1=Siegelman|first1=Stanley S.|last2=Sprayregen|first2=Seymour|last3=Strasberg|first3=Zeno|last4=Attai|first4=Lari A.|last5=Robinson|first5=George|title=Aortic Dissection and the Left Renal Artery|journal=Radiology|volume=95|issue=1|year=1970|pages=73–78|issn=0033-8419|doi=10.1148/95.1.73}}</ref><ref name="BlancoDíez-Tejedor1999">{{cite journal|last1=Blanco|first1=M.|last2=Díez-Tejedor|first2=E.|last3=Larrea|first3=J. L.|last4=Ramírez|first4=U.|title=Neurologic complications of type I aortic dissection|journal=Acta Neurologica Scandinavica|volume=99|issue=4|year=1999|pages=232–235|issn=00016314|doi=10.1111/j.1600-0404.1999.tb07352.x}}</ref><ref name="ArataImagama2015">{{cite journal|last1=Arata|first1=Kenichi|last2=Imagama|first2=Itsumi|last3=Shigehisa|first3=Yoshiya|last4=Mukaihara|first4=Kousuke|last5=Toyokawa|first5=Kenji|last6=Matsuba|first6=Tomoyuki|last7=Imoto|first7=Yutaka|title=Aortic Fenestration for Type B Chronic Aortic Dissection Complicated with Lower Limb Malperfusion Induced by Walking Exercise|journal=Annals of Vascular Diseases|volume=8|issue=1|year=2015|pages=29–32|issn=1881-641X|doi=10.3400/avd.cr.14-00101}}</ref>
=== Cardiovascualr Complications===
=== Cardiovascualr Complications===

Revision as of 15:52, 24 December 2019

Aortic dissection Microchapters

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Case #1


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2] Sahar Memar Montazerin, M.D.[3]

Overview

The symptoms of aortic dissection usually develop in the fifth decade of life and start with symptoms such as sudden onset chest/back pain. If left untreated, patients with aortic dissection may progress to develop aortic regurgitation, myocardial ischemia, and cardiac tamponade. The complications of aortic dissection include but not limited to aortic rupture, pericardial tamponade, myocardial ischemia, compression of nearby organs and etc. Aortic dissection carries a poor prognosis. Mortality rate differs based on the type of dissection and is higher in type A compared to type B (25% versus 12%).

Natural History, Complications, and Prognosis


Complications

The complications of aortic dissection include:[2][3][4][5][6][7]

Cardiovascualr Complications

Neurologic Complications

Compression of Nearby Organs

Prognosis

  • Aortic dissection carries a poor prognosis.[8]
  • Mortality rate differs based on the type of dissection and is higher in type A compared to type B (25% versus 12%).

References

  1. ↑ Juang, Derek; Braverman, Alan C.; Eagle, Kim (2008). "Aortic Dissection". Circulation. 118 (14). doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.799908. ISSN 0009-7322.
  2. ↑ Cambria, Richard P.; Brewster, David C.; Gertler, Jonathan; Moncure, Ashby C.; Gusberg, Richard; Tilson, M.David; Darling, R.Clement; Hammond, Grahme; Megerman, Joseph; Abbott, William M. (1988). "Vascular complications associated with spontaneous aortic dissection". Journal of Vascular Surgery. 7 (2): 199–209. doi:10.1016/0741-5214(88)90137-1. ISSN 0741-5214.
  3. ↑ Fadahunsi, Opeyemi; Romeo, Michael (2014). "Cardiac tamponade – presentation of type A aortic dissection". Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives. 4 (5): 25449. doi:10.3402/jchimp.v4.25449. ISSN 2000-9666.
  4. ↑ Cai, Jingjing; Cao, Yu; Yuan, Hong; Yang, Kan; Zhu, Yuan-Shan (2012). "Inferior myocardial infarction secondary to aortic dissection associated with bicuspid aortic valve". Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research. 3 (2): 138–142. doi:10.4103/0975-3583.95370. ISSN 0975-3583.
  5. ↑ Siegelman, Stanley S.; Sprayregen, Seymour; Strasberg, Zeno; Attai, Lari A.; Robinson, George (1970). "Aortic Dissection and the Left Renal Artery". Radiology. 95 (1): 73–78. doi:10.1148/95.1.73. ISSN 0033-8419.
  6. ↑ Blanco, M.; Díez-Tejedor, E.; Larrea, J. L.; Ramírez, U. (1999). "Neurologic complications of type I aortic dissection". Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 99 (4): 232–235. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.1999.tb07352.x. ISSN 0001-6314.
  7. ↑ Arata, Kenichi; Imagama, Itsumi; Shigehisa, Yoshiya; Mukaihara, Kousuke; Toyokawa, Kenji; Matsuba, Tomoyuki; Imoto, Yutaka (2015). "Aortic Fenestration for Type B Chronic Aortic Dissection Complicated with Lower Limb Malperfusion Induced by Walking Exercise". Annals of Vascular Diseases. 8 (1): 29–32. doi:10.3400/avd.cr.14-00101. ISSN 1881-641X.
  8. ↑ "Correspondence". The Annals of Thoracic Surgery. 67 (2): 593. 1999. doi:10.1016/S0003-4975(99)00037-5. ISSN 0003-4975.

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