Aortic dissection classification

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Aortic dissection Microchapters

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Differentiating Aortic dissection from other Diseases

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Case #1


Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor-In-Chief: Cafer Zorkun, M.D., Ph.D. [2]

Overview

Several different classification systems have been used to describe aortic dissections. The systems commonly in use are either based on either the anatomy of the dissection (proximal, distal) or the duration of onset of symptoms (acute, chronic) prior to presentation.

Classification

Classification Based on Anatomy

DeBakey Classification System

The DeBakey system is an anatomical description of the aortic dissection. It categorizes the dissection based on where the original intimal tear is located and the extent of the dissection (localized to either the ascending aorta or descending aorta, or involves both the ascending and descending aorta.[1]

Percentage 60 % 10-15 % 25-30 %
Type DeBakey I DeBakey II DeBakey III
Stanford A Stanford B
  Proximal Distal
Classification of aortic dissection

Stanford Classification System

Divided into 2 groups; A and B depending on whether the ascending aorta is involved.[2]

  • A = Type I and II DeBakey
  • B = Type III Debakey
Dissection of the aorta descendens (3), which starts from the left subclavian artery, reaching to the abdominal aorta (4). Aorta ascendens (1) and aortic arch (2) are not involved.


Classification Based on Chronicity

  • Chronic dissection is almost twice as common in patients with type III (45%) when compared with type I (24%) and type II dissection (27%).

References

  1. DeBakey ME, Henly WS, Cooley DA, Morris GC Jr, Crawford ES, Beall AC Jr. Surgical management of dissecting aneurysms of the aorta. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 1965;49:130-49. PMID 14261867.
  2. Daily PO, Trueblood HW, Stinson EB, Wuerflein RD, Shumway NE. Management of acute aortic dissections. Ann Thorac Surg 1970;10:237-47. PMID 5458238.

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