Adrenocortical carcinoma other diagnostic studies: Difference between revisions

Jump to navigation Jump to search
No edit summary
 
(10 intermediate revisions by 4 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
__NOTOC__
__NOTOC__
{{Adrenocortical carcinoma}}
{{Adrenocortical carcinoma}}
{{CMG}}; [[AE}} {{RT}}
{{CMG}}; {{AE}} {{RT}} {{MAD}}
==Overview==
[[Needle aspiration biopsy|FNA cytology]] cannot distinguish a [[benign]] [[Adrenal mass causes|adrenal mass]] from adrenal carcinoma. Over-expression of ''[[TP53 (gene)|TP53]]''[[IGF2|, IGF-2]], and [[cyclin E]] are found in ACC but not a conclusive procedure.
==Other Diagnostic Studies==
===Biopsy===
* [[FNA]] cytology cannot distinguish a [[benign]] [[Adrenal mass causes|adrenal mass]] from adrenal carcinoma. It can distinguish between an [[adrenal tumor]] and a [[metastatic]] [[tumor]]. 


==Overview==
* [[FNA]] is sometimes performed when there is a suspicion of [[cancer]] outside the [[adrenal gland]].<ref name="pmid15376200">{{cite journal| author=Jhala NC, Jhala D, Eloubeidi MA, Chhieng DC, Crowe DR, Roberson J et al.| title=Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the adrenal glands: analysis of 24 patients. | journal=Cancer | year= 2004 | volume= 102 | issue= 5 | pages= 308-14 | pmid=15376200 | doi=10.1002/cncr.20498 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15376200  }}</ref>


==Other Diagnostic Studies==
* The only definitive diagnostic criterion for a [[malignant]] [[adrenocortical]] [[tumor]] is distant [[metastasis]] or the presence of local [[invasion]]. In the absence of these findings, the Weiss system is the most commonly used method for assessing the [[malignant]] behavior because of its reliability. <ref name="pmid12459628">{{cite journal| author=Aubert S, Wacrenier A, Leroy X, Devos P, Carnaille B, Proye C et al.| title=Weiss system revisited: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 49 adrenocortical tumors. | journal=Am J Surg Pathol | year= 2002 | volume= 26 | issue= 12 | pages= 1612-9 | pmid=12459628 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12459628  }}</ref>


===Biopsy===
* Other [[immunohistochemical]] criteria utilized include [[Ki-67]] [[proliferation]] index, [[overexpression]] of ''[[TP53 (gene)|TP53]]'', [[IGF2|IGF-2]], and [[cyclin E]] are found in ACC but not a conclusive procedure. <ref name="pmid19442788">{{cite journal| author=Lau SK, Weiss LM| title=The Weiss system for evaluating adrenocortical neoplasms: 25 years later. | journal=Hum Pathol | year= 2009 | volume= 40 | issue= 6 | pages= 757-68 | pmid=19442788 | doi=10.1016/j.humpath.2009.03.010 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19442788  }}</ref>
Adrenal tumors are often not biopsied prior to surgery, so diagnosis is confirmed on examination of the surgical specimen by a [[anatomical pathology|pathologist]].  Grossly, adrenocortical carcinomas are often large, with a tan-yellow cut surface, and areas of[[hemorrhage]] and [[necrosis]].  On [[histopathology|microscopic examination]], the tumor usually displays sheets of atypical cells with some resemblance to the cells of the normal [[adrenal cortex]].  The presence of invasion and [[mitosis|mitotic activity]] help differentiate small cancers from [[adrenocortical adenoma]]s.<ref name="Weidner's">{{cite book |author=Richard Cote, Saul Suster, Lawrence Weiss, Noel Weidner (Editor) |title=Modern Surgical Pathology (2 Volume Set) |publisher=W B Saunders |location=London |year=|pages= |isbn=0-7216-7253-1 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>


There are several relatively rare variants of adrenal cortical carcinoma:
* Several markers (such as [[Inhibin|alpha-inhibin]], Melan A, [[SF1 (gene)|SF-1)]] can confirm the primary [[Adrenal gland|adrenal]] origin. <ref name="pmid19500769">{{cite journal| author=Fassnacht M, Allolio B| title=Clinical management of adrenocortical carcinoma. | journal=Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab | year= 2009 | volume= 23 | issue= 2 | pages= 273-89 | pmid=19500769 | doi=10.1016/j.beem.2008.10.008 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=19500769  }}</ref>
* Oncocytic adrenal cortical carcinoma
* Myxoid adrenal cortical carcinoma
* Carcinosarcoma
* Adenosquamous adrenocortical carcinoma
* Clear cell adrenal cortical carcinoma


===Bone scan===
== Video shows US-guided abdominal needle aspiration ==
[[Bone scan]]s are used to visualize bone [[metastasis]].
{{#ev:youtube|VMpCTUFrRB4}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist|2}}
{{reflist|2}}
 
{{WH}}
[[Category:Endocrinology]]
{{WS}}
[[Category:Types of cancer]]
[[Category:Disease]]
 
{{WikiDoc Help Menu}}
{{WikiDoc Sources}}

Latest revision as of 19:24, 30 October 2017

Adrenocortical carcinoma Microchapters

Home

Patient Information

Overview

Historical Perspective

Classification

Pathophysiology

Causes

Differentiating Adrenocortical carcinoma from other Diseases

Epidemiology and Demographics

Risk Factors

Screening

Natural History, Complications and Prognosis

Diagnosis

Staging

History and Symptoms

Physical Examination

Laboratory Findings

X Ray

MRI

CT

Ultrasound

Other Imaging Studies

Other Diagnostic Studies

Treatment

Medical Therapy

Surgery

Radiation Therapy

Primary prevention

Secondary prevention

Cost-Effectiveness of Therapy

Future or Investigational Therapies

Case Study

Case #1

Adrenocortical carcinoma other diagnostic studies On the Web

Most recent articles

cited articles

Review articles

CME Programs

Powerpoint slides

Images

American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Adrenocortical carcinoma other diagnostic studies

All Images
X-rays
Echo & Ultrasound
CT Images
MRI

Ongoing Trials at Clinical Trials.gov

US National Guidelines Clearinghouse

NICE Guidance

FDA on Adrenocortical carcinoma other diagnostic studies

CDC on Adrenocortical carcinoma other diagnostic studies

Adrenocortical carcinoma other diagnostic studies in the news

Blogs on Adrenocortical carcinoma other diagnostic studies

Hospitals Treating Adrenocortical carcinoma

Risk calculators and risk factors for Adrenocortical carcinoma other diagnostic studies

Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2] Mohammed Abdelwahed M.D[3]

Overview

FNA cytology cannot distinguish a benign adrenal mass from adrenal carcinoma. Over-expression of TP53, IGF-2, and cyclin E are found in ACC but not a conclusive procedure.

Other Diagnostic Studies

Biopsy

Video shows US-guided abdominal needle aspiration

{{#ev:youtube|VMpCTUFrRB4}}

References

  1. Jhala NC, Jhala D, Eloubeidi MA, Chhieng DC, Crowe DR, Roberson J; et al. (2004). "Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy of the adrenal glands: analysis of 24 patients". Cancer. 102 (5): 308–14. doi:10.1002/cncr.20498. PMID 15376200.
  2. Aubert S, Wacrenier A, Leroy X, Devos P, Carnaille B, Proye C; et al. (2002). "Weiss system revisited: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 49 adrenocortical tumors". Am J Surg Pathol. 26 (12): 1612–9. PMID 12459628.
  3. Lau SK, Weiss LM (2009). "The Weiss system for evaluating adrenocortical neoplasms: 25 years later". Hum Pathol. 40 (6): 757–68. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2009.03.010. PMID 19442788.
  4. Fassnacht M, Allolio B (2009). "Clinical management of adrenocortical carcinoma". Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 23 (2): 273–89. doi:10.1016/j.beem.2008.10.008. PMID 19500769.

Template:WH Template:WS