Adenoiditis natural history, complications and prognosis: Difference between revisions
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==Overview== | ==Overview== | ||
If left untreated, most of the patients with recurrent adenoiditis may progress to develop chronic adenoiditis, recurrent sinusitis and recurrent otitis media. Common complications of adenoiditis include sleep apnea, sinusitis and otitis media. Acute adenoiditis is usually self limited. With medical and surgical treatment, the prognosis of adenoidtis is usually good. | |||
==Natural History== | ==Natural History== | ||
*Acute adenoiditis will usually present with [[erythema]] and [[edema]] of the adenoids rapidly upon infiltration of the pathogen.<ref name="urlTonsillitis - NHS Choices">{{cite web |url=http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Tonsillitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx |title=Tonsillitis - NHS Choices |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | *Acute adenoiditis will usually present with [[erythema]] and [[edema]] of the adenoids rapidly upon infiltration of the pathogen.<ref name="urlTonsillitis - NHS Choices">{{cite web |url=http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Tonsillitis/Pages/Introduction.aspx |title=Tonsillitis - NHS Choices |format= |work= |accessdate=}}</ref> | ||
Revision as of 12:20, 1 June 2017
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Adenoiditis Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Case Studies |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]
Overview
If left untreated, most of the patients with recurrent adenoiditis may progress to develop chronic adenoiditis, recurrent sinusitis and recurrent otitis media. Common complications of adenoiditis include sleep apnea, sinusitis and otitis media. Acute adenoiditis is usually self limited. With medical and surgical treatment, the prognosis of adenoidtis is usually good.
Natural History
- Acute adenoiditis will usually present with erythema and edema of the adenoids rapidly upon infiltration of the pathogen.[1]
- Symptoms, including fever and sore throat, will usually manifest within 24 hours of infection.
- It is usually combined with tonsilitis due to close anatomical location.
- Acute adenoiditis usually runs its course without complications and resolves within three to four days.
- It is common to see the disease's symptoms in infants before 6 months.
- Recurrent adenoiditis will usually not resolve itself and will require antimicrobrial therapy or adenoidectomy when indicated.[2]
- Left untreated, recurrent adenoiditis may persist and recur over periods of time and can lead to infectious complications.
Complications
Complications of tonsillitis are caused by persistence and/or spread of the responsible pathogen - usually bacterial - and include the following:[1]
- Otitis media
- Acute sinusitis
- Pneumonia
- Adenoid hyperplasia
- Peritonsillar abscess
- Sleep apnea
- Scarlet fever
- Rheumatic fever and cardiomyopathies
- Mostly due to streptotoxin
- Glomerulonephritis
- Tonsilloliths[3]
Prognosis
- The prognosis for acute adenoiditis without treatment is usually good; the disease is usually self-limited and will resolve itself within 3-4 days.[1]
- The prognosis for recurrent adenoiditis varies based on the presence of complications.[4]
- With treatment, the prognosis of acute and recurrent adenoidtis is usually good.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Tonsillitis - NHS Choices".
- ↑ Stuck BA, Götte K, Windfuhr JP, Genzwürker H, Schroten H, Tenenbaum T (2008). "Tonsillectomy in children". Dtsch Arztebl Int. 105 (49): 852–60, quiz 860–1. doi:10.3238/arztebl.2008.0852. PMC 2689639. PMID 19561812.
- ↑ Rio AC, Franchi-Teixeira AR, Nicola EM (2008). "Relationship between the presence of tonsilloliths and halitosis in patients with chronic caseous tonsillitis". Br Dent J. 204 (2): E4. doi:10.1038/bdj.2007.1106. PMID 18037821.
- ↑ "Rheumatic fever: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia".