Adenoiditis differential diagnosis: Difference between revisions
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|Symptomatic therapy: | |Symptomatic therapy: | ||
* [[Decongestants]] | * [[Decongestants]] | ||
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|[[Peritonsillar abscess]]<ref name="pmid18246890">{{cite journal| author=Galioto NJ| title=Peritonsillar abscess. | journal=Am Fam Physician | year= 2008 | volume= 77 | issue= 2 | pages= 199-202 | pmid=18246890 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18246890 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15635144">{{cite journal| author=Lyon M, Blaivas M| title=Intraoral ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of suspected peritonsillar abscess in the emergency department. | journal=Acad Emerg Med | year= 2005 | volume= 12 | issue= 1 | pages= 85-8 | pmid=15635144 | doi=10.1197/j.aem.2004.08.045 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15635144 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1642863">{{cite journal| author=Boesen T, Jensen F| title=Preoperative ultrasonographic verification of peritonsillar abscesses in patients with severe tonsillitis. | journal=Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol | year= 1992 | volume= 249 | issue= 3 | pages= 131-3 | pmid=1642863 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1642863 }} </ref><ref name="pmid26637999">{{cite journal| author=Bandarkar AN, Adeyiga AO, Fordham MT, Preciado D, Reilly BK| title=Tonsil ultrasound: technical approach and spectrum of pediatric peritonsillar infections. | journal=Pediatr Radiol | year= 2016 | volume= 46 | issue= 7 | pages= 1059-67 | pmid=26637999 | doi=10.1007/s00247-015-3505-7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26637999 }} </ref><ref name="pmid10435129">{{cite journal| author=Scott PM, Loftus WK, Kew J, Ahuja A, Yue V, van Hasselt CA| title=Diagnosis of peritonsillar infections: a prospective study of ultrasound, computerized tomography and clinical diagnosis. | journal=J Laryngol Otol | year= 1999 | volume= 113 | issue= 3 | pages= 229-32 | pmid=10435129 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10435129 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15635144" /><ref name="pmid1642863" /><ref name="pmid15573356">{{cite journal| author=Brook I| title=Microbiology and management of peritonsillar, retropharyngeal, and parapharyngeal abscesses. | journal=J Oral Maxillofac Surg | year= 2004 | volume= 62 | issue= 12 | pages= 1545-50 | pmid=15573356 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15573356 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18039418">{{cite journal| author=Megalamani SB, Suria G, Manickam U, Balasubramanian D, Jothimahalingam S| title=Changing trends in bacteriology of peritonsillar abscess. | journal=J Laryngol Otol | year= 2008 | volume= 122 | issue= 9 | pages= 928-30 | pmid=18039418 | doi=10.1017/S0022215107001144 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18039418 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1875138">{{cite journal| author=Snow DG, Campbell JB, Morgan DW| title=The microbiology of peritonsillar sepsis. | journal=J Laryngol Otol | year= 1991 | volume= 105 | issue= 7 | pages= 553-5 | pmid=1875138 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1875138 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12092281">{{cite journal| author=Matsuda A, Tanaka H, Kanaya T, Kamata K, Hasegawa M| title=Peritonsillar abscess: a study of 724 cases in Japan. | journal=Ear Nose Throat J | year= 2002 | volume= 81 | issue= 6 | pages= 384-9 | pmid=12092281 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12092281 }} </ref> | |[[Peritonsillar abscess]]<ref name="pmid18246890">{{cite journal| author=Galioto NJ| title=Peritonsillar abscess. | journal=Am Fam Physician | year= 2008 | volume= 77 | issue= 2 | pages= 199-202 | pmid=18246890 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18246890 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15635144">{{cite journal| author=Lyon M, Blaivas M| title=Intraoral ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of suspected peritonsillar abscess in the emergency department. | journal=Acad Emerg Med | year= 2005 | volume= 12 | issue= 1 | pages= 85-8 | pmid=15635144 | doi=10.1197/j.aem.2004.08.045 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15635144 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1642863">{{cite journal| author=Boesen T, Jensen F| title=Preoperative ultrasonographic verification of peritonsillar abscesses in patients with severe tonsillitis. | journal=Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol | year= 1992 | volume= 249 | issue= 3 | pages= 131-3 | pmid=1642863 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1642863 }} </ref><ref name="pmid26637999">{{cite journal| author=Bandarkar AN, Adeyiga AO, Fordham MT, Preciado D, Reilly BK| title=Tonsil ultrasound: technical approach and spectrum of pediatric peritonsillar infections. | journal=Pediatr Radiol | year= 2016 | volume= 46 | issue= 7 | pages= 1059-67 | pmid=26637999 | doi=10.1007/s00247-015-3505-7 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26637999 }} </ref><ref name="pmid10435129">{{cite journal| author=Scott PM, Loftus WK, Kew J, Ahuja A, Yue V, van Hasselt CA| title=Diagnosis of peritonsillar infections: a prospective study of ultrasound, computerized tomography and clinical diagnosis. | journal=J Laryngol Otol | year= 1999 | volume= 113 | issue= 3 | pages= 229-32 | pmid=10435129 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=10435129 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15635144" /><ref name="pmid1642863" /><ref name="pmid15573356">{{cite journal| author=Brook I| title=Microbiology and management of peritonsillar, retropharyngeal, and parapharyngeal abscesses. | journal=J Oral Maxillofac Surg | year= 2004 | volume= 62 | issue= 12 | pages= 1545-50 | pmid=15573356 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15573356 }} </ref><ref name="pmid18039418">{{cite journal| author=Megalamani SB, Suria G, Manickam U, Balasubramanian D, Jothimahalingam S| title=Changing trends in bacteriology of peritonsillar abscess. | journal=J Laryngol Otol | year= 2008 | volume= 122 | issue= 9 | pages= 928-30 | pmid=18039418 | doi=10.1017/S0022215107001144 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=18039418 }} </ref><ref name="pmid1875138">{{cite journal| author=Snow DG, Campbell JB, Morgan DW| title=The microbiology of peritonsillar sepsis. | journal=J Laryngol Otol | year= 1991 | volume= 105 | issue= 7 | pages= 553-5 | pmid=1875138 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=1875138 }} </ref><ref name="pmid12092281">{{cite journal| author=Matsuda A, Tanaka H, Kanaya T, Kamata K, Hasegawa M| title=Peritonsillar abscess: a study of 724 cases in Japan. | journal=Ear Nose Throat J | year= 2002 | volume= 81 | issue= 6 | pages= 384-9 | pmid=12092281 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12092281 }} </ref> | ||
Line 50: | Line 48: | ||
| | | | ||
* [[Streptococcus pyogenes|Aerobic and anaerobic]] [[Streptococcus pyogenes|bacteria]] | * [[Streptococcus pyogenes|Aerobic and anaerobic]] [[Streptococcus pyogenes|bacteria]] | ||
* [[Streptococcus pyogenes|Streptococcus]][[Streptococcus pyogenes|pyogenes]] | * [[Streptococcus pyogenes|Streptococcus]][[Streptococcus pyogenes|pyogenes]] | ||
|On ultrasound [[Peritonsillar abscess|peritonsillar]] abscess appears as focal irregularly marginated hypoechoic area | |On ultrasound [[Peritonsillar abscess|peritonsillar]] abscess appears as focal irregularly marginated hypoechoic area | ||
| | | | ||
* [[Ampicillin-sulbactam|Ampicillin-sulbactam,]] | * [[Ampicillin-sulbactam|Ampicillin-sulbactam,]] | ||
Line 87: | Line 85: | ||
* ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' | * ''[[Staphylococcus aureus]]'' | ||
* [[Fungi]] | * [[Fungi]] | ||
* [[Viruses]] | * [[Viruses]] | ||
|[[Thumbprint sign]] on neck x-ray | |[[Thumbprint sign]] on neck x-ray | ||
| | | | ||
Line 94: | Line 92: | ||
* [[Adjuvant therapy]] includes: | * [[Adjuvant therapy]] includes: | ||
** [[corticosteroids]] | ** [[corticosteroids]] | ||
** [[racemic]] [[Epinephrine]] | ** [[racemic]] [[Epinephrine]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Pharyngitis]]<ref name=":0">{{cite book | last = Ferri | first = Fred | title = Md consult/first consult 14-month subscription : combo retail pack | publisher = Elsevier Saunders | location = Place of publication not identified | year = 2005 | isbn = 9781416026075 }}</ref><ref name="pmid7989695">Kline JA, Runge JW (1994) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7989695 Streptococcal pharyngitis: a review of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.] ''J Emerg Med'' 12 (5):665-80. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/7989695 7989695]</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Bennett | first = John | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Elsevier/Saunders | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2015 | isbn = 978-1455748013 }}</ref><ref name="pmid11136758">{{cite journal| author=Tsai HP, Kuo PH, Liu CC, Wang JR| title=Respiratory viral infections among pediatric inpatients and outpatients in Taiwan from 1997 to 1999. | journal=J Clin Microbiol | year= 2001 | volume= 39 | issue= 1 | pages= 111-8 | pmid=11136758 | doi=10.1128/JCM.39.1.111-118.2001 | pmc=87689 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11136758 }} </ref><ref name="pmid2295843">Proud D, Naclerio RM, Gwaltney JM, Hendley JO (1990) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2295843 Kinins are generated in nasal secretions during natural rhinovirus colds.] ''J Infect Dis'' 161 (1):120-3. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/2295843 2295843]</ref><ref name="pmid25229278">Anjos LM, Marcondes MB, Lima MF, Mondelli AL, Okoshi MP (2014) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25229278 Streptococcal acute pharyngitis.] ''Rev Soc Bras Med Trop'' 47 (4):409-13. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/25229278 25229278]</ref><ref name="pmid22338589">Murray RC, Chennupati SK (2012) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22338589 Chronic streptococcal and non-streptococcal pharyngitis.] ''Infect Disord Drug Targets'' 12 (4):281-5. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/22338589 22338589]</ref> | |[[Pharyngitis]]<ref name=":0">{{cite book | last = Ferri | first = Fred | title = Md consult/first consult 14-month subscription : combo retail pack | publisher = Elsevier Saunders | location = Place of publication not identified | year = 2005 | isbn = 9781416026075 }}</ref><ref name="pmid7989695">Kline JA, Runge JW (1994) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=7989695 Streptococcal pharyngitis: a review of pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management.] ''J Emerg Med'' 12 (5):665-80. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/7989695 7989695]</ref><ref>{{cite book | last = Bennett | first = John | title = Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's principles and practice of infectious diseases | publisher = Elsevier/Saunders | location = Philadelphia, PA | year = 2015 | isbn = 978-1455748013 }}</ref><ref name="pmid11136758">{{cite journal| author=Tsai HP, Kuo PH, Liu CC, Wang JR| title=Respiratory viral infections among pediatric inpatients and outpatients in Taiwan from 1997 to 1999. | journal=J Clin Microbiol | year= 2001 | volume= 39 | issue= 1 | pages= 111-8 | pmid=11136758 | doi=10.1128/JCM.39.1.111-118.2001 | pmc=87689 | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=11136758 }} </ref><ref name="pmid2295843">Proud D, Naclerio RM, Gwaltney JM, Hendley JO (1990) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=2295843 Kinins are generated in nasal secretions during natural rhinovirus colds.] ''J Infect Dis'' 161 (1):120-3. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/2295843 2295843]</ref><ref name="pmid25229278">Anjos LM, Marcondes MB, Lima MF, Mondelli AL, Okoshi MP (2014) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25229278 Streptococcal acute pharyngitis.] ''Rev Soc Bras Med Trop'' 47 (4):409-13. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/25229278 25229278]</ref><ref name="pmid22338589">Murray RC, Chennupati SK (2012) [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=22338589 Chronic streptococcal and non-streptococcal pharyngitis.] ''Infect Disord Drug Targets'' 12 (4):281-5. PMID: [https://pubmed.gov/22338589 22338589]</ref> | ||
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|_ | |_ | ||
| | | | ||
* [[Antimicrobial]] therapy mainly [[penicillin]]-based and [[analgesics]] | * [[Antimicrobial]] therapy mainly [[penicillin]]-based and [[analgesics]] | ||
|- | |- | ||
|[[Tonsilitis]] <ref name="pmid25946659">{{cite journal| author=Nogan S, Jandali D, Cipolla M, DeSilva B| title=The use of ultrasound imaging in evaluation of peritonsillar infections. | journal=Laryngoscope | year= 2015 | volume= 125 | issue= 11 | pages= 2604-7 | pmid=25946659 | doi=10.1002/lary.25313 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25946659 }} </ref><ref name="pmid26527518">{{cite journal| author=Kawabata M, Umakoshi M, Makise T, Miyashita K, Harada M, Nagano H et al.| title=Clinical classification of peritonsillar abscess based on CT and indications for immediate abscess tonsillectomy. | journal=Auris Nasus Larynx | year= 2016 | volume= 43 | issue= 2 | pages= 182-6 | pmid=26527518 | doi=10.1016/j.anl.2015.09.014 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26527518 }} </ref><ref name="pmid25945805">{{cite journal| author=Fordham MT, Rock AN, Bandarkar A, Preciado D, Levy M, Cohen J et al.| title=Transcervical ultrasonography in the diagnosis of pediatric peritonsillar abscess. | journal=Laryngoscope | year= 2015 | volume= 125 | issue= 12 | pages= 2799-804 | pmid=25945805 | doi=10.1002/lary.25354 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25945805 }} </ref><ref name="pmid3601520">{{cite journal| author=Putto A| title=Febrile exudative tonsillitis: viral or streptococcal? | journal=Pediatrics | year= 1987 | volume= 80 | issue= 1 | pages= 6-12 | pmid=3601520 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3601520 }} </ref> | |[[Tonsilitis]] <ref name="pmid25946659">{{cite journal| author=Nogan S, Jandali D, Cipolla M, DeSilva B| title=The use of ultrasound imaging in evaluation of peritonsillar infections. | journal=Laryngoscope | year= 2015 | volume= 125 | issue= 11 | pages= 2604-7 | pmid=25946659 | doi=10.1002/lary.25313 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25946659 }} </ref><ref name="pmid26527518">{{cite journal| author=Kawabata M, Umakoshi M, Makise T, Miyashita K, Harada M, Nagano H et al.| title=Clinical classification of peritonsillar abscess based on CT and indications for immediate abscess tonsillectomy. | journal=Auris Nasus Larynx | year= 2016 | volume= 43 | issue= 2 | pages= 182-6 | pmid=26527518 | doi=10.1016/j.anl.2015.09.014 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=26527518 }} </ref><ref name="pmid25945805">{{cite journal| author=Fordham MT, Rock AN, Bandarkar A, Preciado D, Levy M, Cohen J et al.| title=Transcervical ultrasonography in the diagnosis of pediatric peritonsillar abscess. | journal=Laryngoscope | year= 2015 | volume= 125 | issue= 12 | pages= 2799-804 | pmid=25945805 | doi=10.1002/lary.25354 | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=25945805 }} </ref><ref name="pmid3601520">{{cite journal| author=Putto A| title=Febrile exudative tonsillitis: viral or streptococcal? | journal=Pediatrics | year= 1987 | volume= 80 | issue= 1 | pages= 6-12 | pmid=3601520 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=3601520 }} </ref> | ||
Line 129: | Line 127: | ||
* Bacterial | * Bacterial | ||
** ''[[Group A streptococcal infection|Group A streptococcal]][[Group A streptococcal infection|bacteria]]'' | ** ''[[Group A streptococcal infection|Group A streptococcal]][[Group A streptococcal infection|bacteria]]'' | ||
|Intraoral or transcutaneous USG may show an [[abscess]] making CT scan unnecessary | |Intraoral or transcutaneous USG may show an [[abscess]] making CT scan unnecessary | ||
| | | | ||
* | * [[Tonsillectomy]] | ||
* Antibiotic therapy | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Sinusitis<ref name="pmid12761699">{{cite journal| author=Vural C, Gungor A, Comerci S| title=Accuracy of computerized tomography in deep neck infections in the pediatric population. | journal=Am J Otolaryngol | year= 2003 | volume= 24 | issue= 3 | pages= 143-8 | pmid=12761699 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12761699 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15667676">{{cite journal| author=Philpott CM, Selvadurai D, Banerjee AR| title=Paediatric retropharyngeal abscess. | journal=J Laryngol Otol | year= 2004 | volume= 118 | issue= 12 | pages= 919-26 | pmid=15667676 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15667676 }} </ref> | |Sinusitis<ref name="pmid12761699">{{cite journal| author=Vural C, Gungor A, Comerci S| title=Accuracy of computerized tomography in deep neck infections in the pediatric population. | journal=Am J Otolaryngol | year= 2003 | volume= 24 | issue= 3 | pages= 143-8 | pmid=12761699 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=12761699 }} </ref><ref name="pmid15667676">{{cite journal| author=Philpott CM, Selvadurai D, Banerjee AR| title=Paediatric retropharyngeal abscess. | journal=J Laryngol Otol | year= 2004 | volume= 118 | issue= 12 | pages= 919-26 | pmid=15667676 | doi= | pmc= | url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/eutils/elink.fcgi?dbfrom=pubmed&tool=sumsearch.org/cite&retmode=ref&cmd=prlinks&id=15667676 }} </ref> | ||
Line 162: | Line 161: | ||
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* Supportive therapy is the mainstay of treatment for both cases of [[acute]] and [[chronic]] rhinosinusitis | * Supportive therapy is the mainstay of treatment for both cases of [[acute]] and [[chronic]] rhinosinusitis | ||
* [[Antibiotics]]<nowiki/>c(macrolides, penicillins, clavulonic acid- amoxicillin)an be added in select cases of [[acute]], as well as [[chronic]]<nowiki/>rhinosinusitis | * [[Antibiotics]]<nowiki/>c(macrolides, penicillins, clavulonic acid- amoxicillin)an be added in select cases of [[acute]], as well as [[chronic]]<nowiki/>rhinosinusitis | ||
|} | |} | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{reflist|2}} | {{reflist|2}} |
Revision as of 12:43, 15 June 2017
Adenoiditis Microchapters |
Diagnosis |
---|
Treatment |
Case Studies |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1];Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Mahshid Mir, M.D. [2]
Overview
Diagnosis of adenoiditis can be challenging as majority of upper respiratory tract infections show the same pattern. The most important differential diagnosis include tonsilitis, viral upper respiratory tract infection, sinusitis and pharyngitis.
Differential diagnosis
Adenoiditis must be differentiated from other diseases that cause fever, nasal airway obstruction and snoring, and sore throat.
The table below outlines the differences between adenoiditis and other respiratory tract infections.
Differential diagnosis based on fever and sore throat
Disease/Variable | Presentation | Causes | Imaging finding | Treatment |
---|---|---|---|---|
Upper respiratory tract infection[1][2][3] |
|
|
_ | Symptomatic therapy: |
Peritonsillar abscess[4][5][6][7][8][5][6][9][10][11][12] |
|
On ultrasound peritonsillar abscess appears as focal irregularly marginated hypoechoic area | ||
Croup[13][14][15][16][17][18] | Steeple sign on neck X-ray |
| ||
Epiglottitis[19][20] | Thumbprint sign on neck x-ray |
| ||
Pharyngitis[21][22][23][24][25][26][27] |
|
_ |
| |
Tonsilitis [28][29][30][31] |
|
|
Intraoral or transcutaneous USG may show an abscess making CT scan unnecessary |
|
Sinusitis[32][33] | On CT scan, a mass impinging on the posterior pharyngeal wall with rim enhancement is seen |
|
References
- ↑ "Antibiotics for adults with acute laryngitis | Cochrane Summaries".
- ↑ http://www.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab004403.html Antibiotics for exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- ↑ http://www.cochrane.org/reviews/en/ab000980.html Vitamin C for preventing and treating the common cold
- ↑ Galioto NJ (2008). "Peritonsillar abscess". Am Fam Physician. 77 (2): 199–202. PMID 18246890.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lyon M, Blaivas M (2005). "Intraoral ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of suspected peritonsillar abscess in the emergency department". Acad Emerg Med. 12 (1): 85–8. doi:10.1197/j.aem.2004.08.045. PMID 15635144.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Boesen T, Jensen F (1992). "Preoperative ultrasonographic verification of peritonsillar abscesses in patients with severe tonsillitis". Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 249 (3): 131–3. PMID 1642863.
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