APAF1

Apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1
File:PBB Protein APAF1 image.jpg PDB rendering based on 1c15.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: Template:Homologene2PDBe PDBe, Template:Homologene2uniprot RCSB List of PDB id codes 1c15​, 1cww​, 1cy5​, 1z6t​, 2p1h​, 2ygs​, 3ygs​
Identifiers
Symbols	APAF1 ; CED4
External IDs	Template:OMIM5 Template:MGI HomoloGene: 7626
Gene ontology Molecular function Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Cellular component Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Biological process Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO Template:GNF GO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Template:GNF Ortholog box
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	n/a	n/a
Ensembl	n/a	n/a
UniProt	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	n/a	n/a
RefSeq (protein)	n/a	n/a
Location (UCSC)	n/a	n/a
PubMed search	n/a	n/a

Apoptotic peptidase activating factor 1, also known as APAF1, is a human gene.

This gene encodes a cytoplasmic protein that initiates apoptosis. This protein contains several copies of the WD-40 domain, a caspase recruitment domain (CARD), and an ATPase domain (NB-ARC). Upon binding cytochrome c and dATP, this protein forms an oligomeric apoptosome. The apoptosome binds and cleaves caspase 9 preproprotein, releasing its mature, activated form. Activated caspase 9 stimulates the subsequent caspase cascade that commits the cell to apoptosis. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants encoding different isoforms.

Further reading

• Smith TF, Gaitatzes C, Saxena K, Neer EJ (1999). "The WD repeat: a common architecture for diverse functions". Trends Biochem. Sci. 24 (5): 181–5. PMID 10322433.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• van Oirschot JT (1999). "Diva vaccines that reduce virus transmission". J. Biotechnol. 73 (2–3): 195–205. PMID 10486928.
• Nakajima D, Okazaki N, Yamakawa H; et al. (2003). "Construction of expression-ready cDNA clones for KIAA genes: manual curation of 330 KIAA cDNA clones". DNA Res. 9 (3): 99–106. PMID 12168954.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Campioni M, Santini D, Tonini G; et al. (2006). "Role of Apaf-1, a key regulator of apoptosis, in melanoma progression and chemoresistance". Exp. Dermatol. 14 (11): 811–8. doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2005.00360.x. PMID 16232302.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Zou H, Henzel WJ, Liu X; et al. (1997). "Apaf-1, a human protein homologous to C. elegans CED-4, participates in cytochrome c-dependent activation of caspase-3". Cell. 90 (3): 405–13. PMID 9267021.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Li P, Nijhawan D, Budihardjo I; et al. (1997). "Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1/caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade". Cell. 91 (4): 479–89. PMID 9390557.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Ishikawa K, Nagase T, Nakajima D; et al. (1998). "Prediction of the coding sequences of unidentified human genes. VIII. 78 new cDNA clones from brain which code for large proteins in vitro". DNA Res. 4 (5): 307–13. PMID 9455477.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Pan G, O'Rourke K, Dixit VM (1998). "Caspase-9, Bcl-XL, and Apaf-1 form a ternary complex". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (10): 5841–5. PMID 9488720.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hu Y, Benedict MA, Wu D; et al. (1998). "Bcl-XL interacts with Apaf-1 and inhibits Apaf-1-dependent caspase-9 activation". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 95 (8): 4386–91. PMID 9539746.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Srinivasula SM, Ahmad M, Fernandes-Alnemri T, Alnemri ES (1998). "Autoactivation of procaspase-9 by Apaf-1-mediated oligomerization". Mol. Cell. 1 (7): 949–57. PMID 9651578.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Cecconi F, Alvarez-Bolado G, Meyer BI; et al. (1998). "Apaf1 (CED-4 homolog) regulates programmed cell death in mammalian development". Cell. 94 (6): 727–37. PMID 9753320.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Inohara N, Gourley TS, Carrio R; et al. (1999). "Diva, a Bcl-2 homologue that binds directly to Apaf-1 and induces BH3-independent cell death". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (49): 32479–86. PMID 9829980.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Hu Y, Ding L, Spencer DM, Núñez G (1999). "WD-40 repeat region regulates Apaf-1 self-association and procaspase-9 activation". J. Biol. Chem. 273 (50): 33489–94. PMID 9837928.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Song Q, Kuang Y, Dixit VM, Vincenz C (1999). "Boo, a novel negative regulator of cell death, interacts with Apaf-1". EMBO J. 18 (1): 167–78. doi:10.1093/emboj/18.1.167. PMID 9878060.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Slee EA, Harte MT, Kluck RM; et al. (1999). "Ordering the cytochrome c-initiated caspase cascade: hierarchical activation of caspases-2, -3, -6, -7, -8, and -10 in a caspase-9-dependent manner". J. Cell Biol. 144 (2): 281–92. PMID 9922454.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Zou H, Li Y, Liu X, Wang X (1999). "An APAF-1.cytochrome c multimeric complex is a functional apoptosome that activates procaspase-9". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (17): 11549–56. PMID 10206961.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Saleh A, Srinivasula SM, Acharya S; et al. (1999). "Cytochrome c and dATP-mediated oligomerization of Apaf-1 is a prerequisite for procaspase-9 activation". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (25): 17941–5. PMID 10364241.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Qin H, Srinivasula SM, Wu G; et al. (1999). "Structural basis of procaspase-9 recruitment by the apoptotic protease-activating factor 1". Nature. 399 (6736): 549–57. doi:10.1038/21124. PMID 10376594.CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link) CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
• Drosopoulos NE, Walsh FS, Doherty P (1999). "A soluble version of the receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase kappa stimulates neurite outgrowth via a Grb2/MEK1-dependent signaling cascade". Mol. Cell. Neurosci. 13 (6): 441–9. doi:10.1006/mcne.1999.0758. PMID 10383829.CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)