Pacemaker syndrome risk factors

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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Raviteja Guddeti, M.B.B.S. [2]

Risk Factors

  • According to the MOST trial the two variables that predict the development of pacemaker syndrome in the pre-implantation period are low sinus rate, and a higher programmed lower rate limit. Similarly in the post-implantation period, an increased percentage of ventricular paced beats is the only variable that significantly predicts the development of pacemaker syndrome.
  • One major risk factor for the development of pacemaker syndrome is the presence of an intact VA conduction (retrograde ventriculo-atrial conduction). Intact VA conduction is present in as many as 90% of patients with preserved AV conduction, and in about 30-40% of patients with complete AV block. VA conduction may develop at any time after implantation of the pacemaker and may not be apparent at the time of implantation of the device.[1]

References

  1. Heldman D, Mulvihill D, Nguyen H; et al. (1990). "True incidence of pacemaker syndrome". Pacing Clin Electrophysiol. 13 (12 Pt 2): 1742–50. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8159.1990.tb06883.x. PMID 1704534. Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)

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