Rasburicase

Rasburicase

File:Rasburicase.png
Clinical data
Routes of administration	Intravenous
ATC code	V03AF07 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	RX/POM
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	N/A
Elimination half-life	8 hrs
Identifiers
IUPAC name Aspergillus urate oxidase
CAS Number	134774-45-1
DrugBank	BIOD00090
E number	{{#property:P628}}
ECHA InfoCard	{{#property:P2566}}
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C1521H2381N417O461S7
Molar mass	34109.5

Rasburicase (brand names: Elitekin the US, and Fasturtec in Europe ) is a recombinant urate oxidase enzyme that occurs in mammals, but not in humans. It is approved for use by FDA (and European counterparts) for the prevention and treatment of tumor lysis syndrome in patients receiving chemotherapy for hematologic cancers such as leukemias and lymphomas. It is also being looked at for treating severe hyperuricemia from other sources (e.g., gout and other rheumatologic conditions).

Rasburicase catalyses the conversion of uric acid to allantoin. Allantoin is an inactive metabolite of purine metabolism, and is 5 to 10 times more soluble than uric acid, so renal excretion is more effective. Rasburicase is unique as a treatment and prevention for renal failure associated with TLS in that it catalyses the metabolism of existing uric acid. Other options prevent uric acid formation.

Rasburicase reduces the risk of renal failure and the need for transfusion. Transfusion has been reported as required in 17 to 25% of TLS cases treated with allopurinol, and 1.4% of cases treated with rasburicase.However, rasburicase is much more expensive than conventional therapy.

Side effects of rasburicase administration can include anaphylaxis (incidence unknown) and methemoglobinemia.