Anal fistula classification
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Anal fistula Microchapters |
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Diagnosis |
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Treatment |
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Anal fistula classification On the Web |
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American Roentgen Ray Society Images of Anal fistula classification |
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Risk calculators and risk factors for Anal fistula classification |
Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Manpreet Kaur, MD [2]
Overview
Classification
Anal fistulas are classified into the four types based on the relationship to sphincter:[1]
- Intersphincteric: Starts from dentate line ending in the perianal skin.
- Transsphincteric: Starts from the external sphincter, going along a portion of the internal and external sphincter and ending in the skin overlying buttocks.
- Suprasphincteric: Starts from the anal crypt and ends in the ischiorectal fossa.
- Extrasphincteric: Starts high in the anal canal and ending in the skin overlying the buttocks.
Anal fistulas are classified into two categories based on the risk factors associated:
- Simple anal fistula:
- There are no risk factors associated with simple anal fistula.
- Treatment of simple anal fistula results in low incidence of fecal incontinence and poor wound healing.
- Complex anal fistula:
- There are many risk factors associated with complex anal fistula e.g preexisting incontinence, recurrent fistula, local irradiation, chronic diarrhea, or Crohn's disease.
- There are multiple tracts found in complex anal fistula and is anterior in the location in females.