Suicidal ideation classification
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]; Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Vindhya BellamKonda, M.B.B.S [2]
Overview
There is no established system for classification of suicidal ideation.
Classification of suicidal ideation
| Classification | Definition | Examples |
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| Suicidal events
Completed suicide |
A self-injurious behavior which lead to a fatality with an intent to die as a consequence.
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example:1) After a long argument with his wife, which resulted in the end of their relationship, the patient collected a rope, locked himself in his room and fatally hanged himself, a suicide note was later found. 2) After four documented attempts at suicide, the patient stole his dad's gun and shot himself and was fatally injured |
| Suicide attempt |
A potentially self-injurious behavior, associated with at least some intent to die, as a result of the act. Evidence that the individual intended to kill him/ herself, at least to some degree, can be explicit or inferred from the behavior or circumstance. A suicide attempt may or may not result in fatal outcomes.
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Example: After an altercation with her friends at school, in which they stopped
speaking to her, the patient overdosed on unknown number of pills of different types at home. She said that she deserved to die, which was why she swallowed the pills. 2) The patient used a razor blade to lacerate his wrists, his antecubital fossae, and his back bilaterally. He told his therapist that the “the main objective was to stop feeling like that,” and he knew that he could die but didn’t care. |
| Preparatory acts
towards imminent suicidal behavior |
The individual initiates the steps to harm him- or herself,
but is stopped by self or others from starting the self-harm behavior before the potential for harm has begun The following example will depict the preparatory acts in an efficient manner. A patient's father had gone to school and retrieved a recent “bad” report card. He was fearful of his father’s reaction. Upon his return home, a verbal argument with his parents ensued, and he took a knife and went to his room. He reported putting the knife to his wrist but never puncturing the skin. 2) The patient stated that he “couldn’t stand being depressed anymore” and “wanted to die.” He decided to hang himself. He tied a telephone cord to the door knob and placed the cord loosely around his neck. Then, he stopped himself and did not succeed in the attempt. | |
| Suicidal ideation | Passive thoughts about wanting to be dead or active
thoughts about killing oneself, not accompanied by preparatory behavior. |
about hanging himself in the closet. He was taken to the hospital and admitted.
to be dead but denied acting on these feelings.
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