Sleep apnea other diagnostic studies
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1] Associate Editor(s)-in-Chief: Saarah T. Alkhairy, M.D.
Overview
The diagnosis of sleep apnea is obtained by a polysomnogram or a home-based portable monitor. Other tests include and EEG, EMG, EOG, ECG, a nasal airflow sensor, and a snore microphone.
Sleep Apnea Other Diagnostic Tests
Polysomnogram (PSG)
- Also known as a sleep study
- Full-night, attended, in-laboratory polysomnography is considered the gold-standard diagnostic test for OSA
- It involves monitoring the patient during a full night's sleep:
- Brain activity
- Eye movements
- Heart rate
- Blood pressure
- Amount of oxygen in the blood
- Air movement through the nose while breathing, snoring, and chest movements
- Split-night, attended, in-laboratory polysomnography
- This involves the diagnostic portion of the study performed during the first part of the night only
- Those patients who are diagnosed with OSA during the first part of the night and choose positive airway pressure therapy can have their positive airway pressure device titrated during the second part of the night
Home-Based Portable Monitor
- The portable monitor will record some of the same information as a PSG
- The results of this device can help determine whether to do a PSG
Other tests
- EEG (electroencephalogram) to measure and record brain wave activity
- EMG (electromyogram) to record muscle activity to determine REM stage sleep
- EOG (electro-oculogram) to record eye movements to determine REM stage sleep
- ECG (electrocardiogram) to record heart rate and rhythm.
- Nasal airflow sensor to record airflow
- Snore microphone to record snoring activity