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==Complications== | ==Complications== | ||
Unlike pre-gestational diabetes, gestational diabetes generally does not cause birth defects. Birth defects usually originate sometime during the first [[trimester]] (before the 13th week) of pregnancy. Additionally, poor control of diabetes can lead to a variety of birth defects involving the heart, kidneys, eyes, and central nervous system, as well as increased risk of [[miscarriage]]. | Unlike pre-gestational diabetes, gestational diabetes generally does not cause birth defects. Birth defects usually originate sometime during the first [[trimester]] (before the 13th week) of pregnancy. Additionally, poor control of diabetes can lead to a variety of birth defects involving the heart, kidneys, eyes, and central nervous system, as well as increased risk of [[miscarriage]]. | ||
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Revision as of 16:58, 21 February 2013
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Editor-In-Chief: C. Michael Gibson, M.S., M.D. [1]
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Complications
Unlike pre-gestational diabetes, gestational diabetes generally does not cause birth defects. Birth defects usually originate sometime during the first trimester (before the 13th week) of pregnancy. Additionally, poor control of diabetes can lead to a variety of birth defects involving the heart, kidneys, eyes, and central nervous system, as well as increased risk of miscarriage.
Infants of mothers with gestational diabetes are vulnerable to several chemical imbalances, such as low serum calcium and low serum magnesium levels, but in general, there are two major problems of gestational diabetes: macrosomia and hypoglycemia.[1]
For Mother
- Hypertension
- Preeclampsia
- Increased risk for developing type 2 diabetes. High blood sugar (glucose) levels often go back to normal after delivery. However, women with gestational diabetes should be watched closely after giving birth and at regular doctor's appointments to screen for signs of diabetes. Many women with gestational diabetes develop diabetes within 5 - 10 years after delivery. The risk may be increased in obese women.
For Baby
- Macrosomia (macrosomia can also increase the likelihood of a caesarean-section delivery)
- Hypoglycemia
- Jaundice
- Low calcium and magnesium
- Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS)
- Increased risk for childhood and adult obesity
- Increased risk of type 2 diabetes later in life
Prognosis
Gestational diabetes generally resolves once the baby is born. However, women diagnosed with gestational diabetes have an increased risk of developing diabetes mellitus in the future. Women requiring insulin to manage gestational diabetes have a 50% risk of developing diabetes within the next five years. [2]
References
- ↑ "Gestational Diabetes". An overview of gestational diabetes, including risk factors and treatment. University of Maryland Medicine. 2003. Retrieved 2006-11-29. Unknown parameter
|month=ignored (help); Text " Content was last reviewed by a University of Maryland Medicine expert " ignored (help) - ↑ "Gestational Diabetes". Diabetes Mellitus & Pregnancy - Gestational Diabetes. Armenian Medical Network. 2006. Retrieved 2007-02-28. Text " Carla Janzen, MD, Jeffrey S. Greenspoon, MD " ignored (help)